Early and late (day 1 to 28 after birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted0 studies · 0 participantsGRADE not reported
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
3,696 questions · 3,815 findings · 855 reviews
No studies found 573 · 15%GRADE not reported 374 · 9.8%Very low 993 · 26%Low 1,062 · 27.8%Moderate 614 · 16.1%High 199 · 5.2%
Early and late (day 1 to 28 after birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted0 studies · 0 participantsGRADE not reported
Early and late (day 1 to 28 after birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Hypernatraemia (≥ 150 mmol/L) · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether early and late (day 1 to 28 after birth) higher changes hypernatraemia (≥ 150 mmol/L) compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 2.5 [0.63, 10]1 study · 20 participantsVery low
Early and late (day 1 to 28 after birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Postnatal growth failure (weight < 10th percentile) · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted0 studies · 0 participantsGRADE not reported
Early and late (day 1 to 28 after birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted0 studies · 0 participantsGRADE not reported
Early and late (day 1 to 28 after birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Chronic lung disease · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted0 studies · 0 participantsGRADE not reported
LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term
Leaving the study early: any reason ‐ when compared with high dose ( greater than or equal to 10 mg) · patients with schizophrenia
LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) probably leads to higher leaving the study early: any reason ‐ when compared with high dose (… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 2.33 [1.4, 3.86]1 study · 70 participantsModerate
LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term
Adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS: unspecified ‐ versus high dose ( greater than or equal to 10 mg) · patients with schizophrenia
LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) probably leads to lower adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS:… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.45 [0.24, 0.84]2 studies · 262 participantsModerate
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) · preterm or low birth weight infants
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher may leads to lower hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) compared with lower sodium intake (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.13 [0.03, 0.5]2 studies · 69 participantsLow
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Hypernatraemia (≥ 150 mmol/L) · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes hypernatraemia (≥ 150 mmol/L) compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 7.88 [0.43, 144.81]2 studies · 69 participantsVery low
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Postnatal growth failure (weight < 10th percentile) · preterm or low birth weight infants
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher may leads to lower postnatal growth failure (weight < 10th percentile) compared with lower sodium intake (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.25 [0.09, 0.69]1 study · 29 participantsLow
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes necrotising enterocolitis compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.07 [0, 1.25]1 study · 49 participantsVery low
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Chronic lung disease · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes chronic lung disease compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 2.03 [0.8, 5.2]1 study · 49 participantsVery low
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Mortality Mortality at latest · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes mortality (latest time reported up to hospital discharge) compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.13 [0.01, 2.2]1 study · 49 participantsVery low
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted0 studies · 0 participantsGRADE not reported
Benzodiazepines (systemic clonazepam 0.5 mg/day) vs placebo
Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
It is very uncertain whether benzodiazepines (systemic clonazepam 0.5 mg/day) changes relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesshort-term (up to 3 months) · systemic clonazepamMD 0.00 [-1.86, 1.86]1 study · 20 participantsVery low
Light interventions (5/7): Bright light alone during day vs normal light (530 to 648 lux)
Quality of sleep · Shift workers
1 finding from 1 review
- Person‐directed, non‐pharmacological interventions for sleepiness at work and sleep disturbances caused by shift work 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted1 study · 61 participantsLow
Cyclosporin (systemic; 10 mg/kg/day for 16 weeks) vs Colchicine (systemic; 1 mg daily)
Alleviation of oral aphthous ulcers · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care
Cyclosporin (systemic; 10 mg/kg/day for 16 weeks) led to higher alleviation of oral aphthous ulcers compared with colchicine (systemic; 1 mg daily); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 3.3 [1.85, 5.88]1 study · 92 participantsGRADE not reported
Light interventions (5/7): Bright light alone during day vs dim red light
Total sleep time, next night; · Shift workers
1 finding from 1 review
- Person‐directed, non‐pharmacological interventions for sleepiness at work and sleep disturbances caused by shift work 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted1 study · 16 participantsLow
Light interventions (5/7): Bright light alone during day vs dim red light
Sleep onset latency, next night; · Shift workers
1 finding from 1 review
- Person‐directed, non‐pharmacological interventions for sleepiness at work and sleep disturbances caused by shift work 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted1 study · 16 participantsLow