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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,434 questions in 139 reviews · Kidney and Transplant
current versionsNo studies 504 · 20.7%Ungraded 40 · 1.6%Very low 611 · 25.1%Low 790 · 32.5%Moderate 414 · 17%High 75 · 3.1%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs calcineurin inhibitors (CNI): secondary outcomes Tremor · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.25 [0.15, 0.41] | 6 studies · 799 participants | High |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs calcineurin inhibitors (CNI): secondary outcomes GFR (mL/min) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 15 studies · 2983 participants | Low |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs calcineurin inhibitors (CNI): secondary outcomes Cholesterol (mmol/L) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 579 participants | Low |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs calcineurin inhibitors (CNI): secondary outcomes Triglycerides (mmol/L) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 843 participants | Low |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs calcineurin inhibitors (CNI): secondary outcomes Thrombocytopenia · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 5.26 [2.87, 9.63] | 4 studies · 593 participants | Low |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: primary outcomes Outcomes (up to 2 years for primary outcomes) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: primary outcomes Death (all causes) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.84, 1.33] | 31 studies · 10482 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: primary outcomes Graft loss (censored) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.09 [0.82, 1.45] | 26 studies · 8966 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs calcineurin inhibitors (CNI): main outcomes Death (all causes) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.31 [0.87, 1.98] | 19 studies · 3618 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: primary outcomes Biopsy‐proven acute rejection · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.95 [0.81, 1.12] | 24 studies · 10101 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: primary outcomes CMV infection · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.44 [0.34, 0.58] | 26 studies · 10049 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: primary outcomes Adverse wound outcomes: all complications · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.56 [1.28, 1.9] | 17 studies · 6913 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: primary outcomes All malignancies · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.83 [0.64, 1.07] | 17 studies · 8799 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: primary outcomes Number needing to change treatment · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.56 | 25 studies · 9747 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: secondary outcomes Outcomes (up to 2 years for secondary outcomes) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: secondary outcomes New‐onset diabetes mellitus · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.28 [1.07, 1.54] | 23 studies · 8728 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: secondary outcomes BK virus infection · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.62 [0.5, 0.76] | 12 studies · 5152 participants | High |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: secondary outcomes GFR (mL/min) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 25 studies · 7099 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: secondary outcomes Hypercholesterolaemia · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.83 [1.48, 2.25] | 12 studies · 5725 participants | Low |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs calcineurin inhibitors (CNI): main outcomes Graft loss censored for death · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.32 [0.96, 1.81] | 14 studies · 3277 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: secondary outcomes Hypertriglyceridaemia · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.48 [1.26, 1.74] | 9 studies · 4698 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: secondary outcomes Leucopenia · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.43 [0.33, 0.56] | 15 studies · 8396 participants | Low |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs antimetabolites: secondary outcomes Thrombocytopenia · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.96 [1.38, 2.79] | 8 studies · 5028 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Outcomes (up to 2 years for primary outcomes) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Death (all causes) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.64, 1.78] | 9 studies · 1501 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Graft loss (censored) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.09 [0.54, 2.2] | 8 studies · 1385 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Biopsy‐proven acute rejection · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.87 [0.67, 1.13] | 8 studies · 1381 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR CMV infection · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.42 [0.78, 2.6] | 5 studies · 865 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Adverse wound outcomes: all complications · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.95 [0.53, 1.71] | 3 studies · 291 participants | Low |
Intervention NR All malignancies · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.04 [0.36, 3.04] | 7 studies · 1163 participants | Low |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs calcineurin inhibitors (CNI): main outcomes Biopsy‐proven acute rejection · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.7 [1.32, 2.19] | 15 studies · 3309 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Number needing to change treatment · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.18 [0.58, 2.42] | 5 studies · 734 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Outcomes (up to 2 years for secondary outcomes) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR New‐onset diabetes mellitus: TAC · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.79 [0.99, 3.23] | 5 studies · 580 participants | Low |
Intervention NR New‐onset diabetes mellitus: CSA · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.57 [0.27, 1.2] | 3 studies · 606 participants | Low |
Intervention NR GFR (mL/min) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 1305 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Hypercholesterolaemia · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.75, 1.22] | 4 studies · 734 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Hypertriglyceridaemia · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.85 [0.73, 1.01] | 4 studies · 734 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Anaemia · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.8, 1.08] | 6 studies · 1074 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Leucopenia · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.7, 1.4] | 5 studies · 1012 participants | Moderate |
Low vs higher dose target of rapamycin inhibitor (TOR‐I): primary outcomes Death (all causes) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.63, 1.25] | 13 studies · 3894 participants | Moderate |
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I) vs calcineurin inhibitors (CNI): main outcomes CMV infection · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.43 [0.29, 0.63] | 13 studies · 2026 participants | High |
Low vs higher dose target of rapamycin inhibitor (TOR‐I): primary outcomes Total graft loss (with death) · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.84 [0.67, 1.06] | 11 studies · 3476 participants | Moderate |
Low vs higher dose target of rapamycin inhibitor (TOR‐I): primary outcomes Biopsy‐proven acute rejection · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.26 [1.1, 1.43] | 11 studies · 3731 participants | Moderate |
Low vs higher dose target of rapamycin inhibitor (TOR‐I): primary outcomes CMV infection · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.87 [0.63, 1.21] | 9 studies · 3099 participants | Moderate |
Low vs higher dose target of rapamycin inhibitor (TOR‐I): primary outcomes All malignancy · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.84 [0.54, 1.32] | 10 studies · 3175 participants | Moderate |
Low vs higher dose target of rapamycin inhibitor (TOR‐I): primary outcomes Number needing to change treatment · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.78, 1.05] | 10 studies · 3652 participants | Low |
Low vs higher dose target of rapamycin inhibitor (TOR‐ I): secondary outcomes Diabetes · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.69 [0.51, 0.93] | 6 studies · 2125 participants | Moderate |
Low vs higher dose target of rapamycin inhibitor (TOR‐ I): secondary outcomes Lymphoma/PTLD · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.66 [0.25, 1.73] | 7 studies · 2792 participants | Moderate |
Low vs higher dose target of rapamycin inhibitor (TOR‐ I): secondary outcomes Acne/rash · primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR‐I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.86 [0.62, 1.21] | 6 studies · 2958 participants | Low |