Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

771 questions · 791 findings · 66 reviews

No studies found 207 · 26.2%GRADE not reported 47 · 5.9%Very low 172 · 21.7%Low 211 · 26.7%Moderate 107 · 13.5%High 47 · 5.9%

Intervention not reported

Any CIN2+ irrespective of HPV type, bivalent or quadrivalent vaccine · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 26 years who are hrHPV negative before vaccination

The intervention leads to lower any CIN2+ irrespective of HPV type, bivalent or quadrivalent vaccine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Any CIN3+ irrespective of HPV type, bivalent or quadrivalent vaccine · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 26 years who are hrHPV negative before vaccination

The intervention showed no clear difference in any CIN3+ irrespective of HPV type, bivalent or quadrivalent vaccine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Exacerbations · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics probably leads to lower number of people with one or more exacerbations WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Annual Exacerbation Rates · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics probably leads to lower rate of exacerbation per patient/year WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

All‐cause mortality WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Serious adverse events WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in serious adverse events WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review