Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,935 questions · 1,986 findings · 260 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 503 · 25.3%GRADE not reported 76 · 3.8%Very low 593 · 29.9%Low 509 · 25.6%Moderate 241 · 12.1%High 64 · 3.2%

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma previously treated with chemotherapy

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line… probably leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Progression‐free survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma previously treated with chemotherapy

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line… may leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with control intervention alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Toxicity · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma previously treated with chemotherapy

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line… changes toxicity compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Thiazolidinediones vs no intervention

Serious adverse events (number of events) · people with non‐alcohol‐related fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

It is very uncertain whether thiazolidinediones changes serious adverse events (number of events) compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review