Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,808 questions · 8,953 findings · 827 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 1,891 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 380 · 4.2%Very low 2,100 · 23.5%Low 2,449 · 27.4%Moderate 1,684 · 18.8%High 449 · 5%

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Positional therapy vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Quality of life Assessed using SF‐36 or FOSQ · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Positional therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Low

Positional therapy vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Sleep quality Assessed by average duration of slow‐wave and REM sleep periods · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Positional therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 13 participants
Low

Positional therapy vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Cognitive dysfunction · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Positional therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 13 participants
GRADE not reported

Positional therapy vs inactive control

Daytime sleepiness (ESS): change from baseline. · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Positional therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 187 participants
Moderate

Positional therapy vs inactive control

AHI · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Positional therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 277 participants
Low

Swallowing therapy vs placebo

Death or dependency at end of · dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke

Swallowing therapy showed no clear difference in death or dependency at end of trial compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.05 [0.63, 1.75]
2 studies · 306 participants
Moderate

Swallowing therapy vs placebo

Case fatality · dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke

Swallowing therapy showed no clear difference in case fatality at end of trial compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1 [0.66, 1.52]
14 studies · 766 participants
Moderate

Swallowing therapy vs placebo

Length of stay (inpatients only) · dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 577 participants
Moderate

Swallowing therapy vs placebo

Dysphagia · dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke

Swallowing therapy may leads to lower proportion of participants with dysphagia at end of trial compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.42 [0.32, 0.55]
23 studies · 1487 participants
Low

Swallowing therapy vs placebo

Swallowing ability · dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
26 studies · 1173 participants
Very low

Swallowing therapy vs placebo

Penetration aspiration score · dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 303 participants
Low

Swallowing therapy vs placebo

Adverse event: chest infection or pneumonia · dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke

It is very uncertain whether swallowing therapy changes adverse event: chest infection or pneumonia compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.34 [0.17, 0.71]
10 studies · 676 participants
Very low

Puvatherapy vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared ‐ · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 22 participants
Very low

Puvatherapy vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of participants with adverse effects serious or severe enough to have caused withdrawal ‐ not reported · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Puvatherapy vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of participants with at least 50% improvement in their quality of life ‐ not reported · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Puvatherapy vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of participants achieving a 50% reduction in disease severity · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 22 participants
Very low

Puvatherapy vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of participants without relapse in the long term ‐ not reported · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Puvatherapy vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of participants with adverse effects ‐ measured over 8 weeks · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 22 participants
Very low

Puvatherapy vs placebo or no treatment

Ease of compliance to an intervention or a treatment ‐ not reported · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Wax therapy vs foot soaks

Ulcer healing · skin changes caused by nerve damage in leprosy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for ulceration and other skin changes caused by nerve damage in leprosy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found