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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
915 questions in 93 reviews · Emergency and Critical Care
current versionsNo studies 141 · 15.4%Ungraded 22 · 2.4%Very low 216 · 23.6%Low 272 · 29.7%Moderate 188 · 20.5%High 76 · 8.3%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Canakinumab vs standard care/placebo Serious adverse events Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.8 [0.57, 1.13] | 2 studies · 499 participants | Low |
Anakinra vs standard care/placebo Clinical improvement D60 or above Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.78, 1.12] | 1 study · 115 participants | Very low |
Canakinumab vs standard care/placebo Time to clinical improvement Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.06 [0.87, 1.29] | 1 study · 454 participants | Moderate |
Canakinumab vs standard care/placebo Time to WHO Clinical Progression Score of level 7 or above Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | HR 0.8 [0.47, 1.36] | 1 study · 454 participants | Low |
Canakinumab vs standard care/placebo Time to death Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | HR 0.71 [0.36, 1.43] | 2 studies · 499 participants | Low |
Anakinra vs standard care/placebo WHO Clinical Progression Score of level 7 or above D28 Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.67 [0.36, 1.22] | 2 studies · 722 participants | Low |
Anakinra vs standard care/placebo WHO Clinical Progression Score of level 7 or above D60 or above Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.54 [0.3, 0.96] | 1 study · 606 participants | Low |
Anakinra vs standard care/placebo All‐cause mortality D28 Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.69 [0.34, 1.39] | 2 studies · 722 participants | Low |
Anakinra vs standard care/placebo All‐cause mortality D60 or above Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.68, 1.56] | 4 studies · 1633 participants | Very low |
Anakinra vs standard care/placebo Adverse events Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.94, 1.11] | 2 studies · 722 participants | Moderate |
Anakinra vs standard care/placebo Serious adverse events Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.95 [0.58, 1.56] | 2 studies · 722 participants | Low |
Anakinra vs standard care/placebo Time to clinical improvement Interleukin‐1 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19 (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.07 [0.91, 1.26] | 4 studies · 1633 participants | Low |
BNT162b2 – Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma vs placebo Confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo Confirmed symptomatic COVID‐19 b Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 31632 participants | High |
FINLAY‐FR‐2 – Instituto Finlay de Vacunas vs placebo Systemic reactogenicity events Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FINLAY‐FR‐2 – Instituto Finlay de Vacunas vs placebo Any adverse event Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FINLAY‐FR‐2 – Instituto Finlay de Vacunas vs placebo Serious adverse events Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FINLAY‐FR‐2 – Instituto Finlay de Vacunas vs placebo Local reactogenicity events Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Heterologous vaccination scheme vs homologous vaccination scheme Confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Heterologous vaccination scheme vs homologous vaccination scheme Confirmed symptomatic COVID‐19 Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Heterologous vaccination scheme vs homologous vaccination scheme Severe or critical COVID‐19 Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Heterologous vaccination scheme vs homologous vaccination scheme All‐cause mortality Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Heterologous vaccination scheme vs homologous vaccination scheme Systemic reactogenicity eventsb Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.96 [0.52, 7.41] | 1 study · 101 participants | Low |
Heterologous vaccination scheme vs homologous vaccination scheme Any adverse eventf Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 3 participants | Very low |
mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo Severe or critical COVID‐19f Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 28451 participants | High |
Heterologous vaccination scheme vs homologous vaccination scheme Serious adverse eventsk Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 229 participants | Very low |
Heterologous vaccination scheme vs homologous vaccination scheme Local reactogenicity eventsb Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 11.76 [1.59, 87.14] | 1 study · 101 participants | Low |
Booster vs placebo/no booster Confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Booster vs placebo/no booster Confirmed symptomatic COVID‐19 Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Booster vs placebo/no booster Severe or critical COVID‐19 Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Booster vs placebo/no booster All‐cause mortalityb Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.27 [0.52, 3.05] | 1 study · 28254 participants | Very low |
Booster vs placebo/no booster Systemic reactogenicity eventsf Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.8 [0.71, 4.56] | 1 study · 119 participants | Low |
Booster vs placebo/no booster Any adverse event Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Booster vs placebo/no booster Serious adverse events Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Booster vs placebo/no booster Local reactogenicity eventsf Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 6.46 [3.18, 13.13] | 1 study · 119 participants | Moderate |
mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo All‐cause mortalityf Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.54, 2.1] | 1 study · 30346 participants | Low |
mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo Systemic reactogenicity eventsi Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.28 [1.22, 1.34] | 2 studies · 34037 participants | High |
mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo Any adverse eventk Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 32995 participants | Low |
mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo Serious adverse eventsl Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.92 [0.78, 1.08] | 2 studies · 34072 participants | Moderate |
mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo Local reactogenicity eventsi Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 3.3 [2.02, 5.4] | 2 studies · 34037 participants | High |
CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo Confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo Confirmed symptomatic COVID‐19b Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 25062 participants | Moderate |
CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo Severe or critical COVID‐19f Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 25062 participants | Very low |
BNT162b2 – Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma vs placebo Confirmed symptomatic COVID‐19b Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 44077 participants | High |
CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo All‐cause mortalityh Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.33 [0.46, 3.83] | 1 study · 39529 participants | Very low |
CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo Systemic reactogenicity eventsi Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.48 [1.43, 1.53] | 1 study · 3982 participants | High |
CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo Any adverse eventj Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.42 [1.38, 1.47] | 1 study · 3982 participants | Moderate |
CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo Serious adverse eventsk Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.24 [0.9, 1.71] | 1 study · 39529 participants | Low |
CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo Local reactogenicity eventsi Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | RR 3.51 [3.24, 3.81] | 1 study · 3982 participants | High |
ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford vs placebo Confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infectionb Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 43390 participants | Moderate |