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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
731 questions in 61 reviews · Drugs and Alcohol
current versionsNo studies 57 · 7.8%Ungraded 39 · 5.3%Very low 186 · 25.4%Low 239 · 32.7%Moderate 171 · 23.4%High 39 · 5.3%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Music therapy plus standard care vs active intervention plus standard care Serious adverse events · people with substance use disorders Music therapy for people with substance use disorders (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Music therapy plus standard care vs standard care alone Psychological symptoms (anxiety) · people with substance use disorders Music therapy for people with substance use disorders (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Low |
Music therapy plus standard care vs standard care alone Substance craving · people with substance use disorders Music therapy for people with substance use disorders (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 254 participants | Moderate |
Music therapy plus standard care vs standard care alone Motivation for treatment/change · people with substance use disorders Music therapy for people with substance use disorders (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 408 participants | Moderate |
Music therapy plus standard care vs standard care alone Motivation to stay sober/clean · people with substance use disorders Music therapy for people with substance use disorders (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 269 participants | Moderate |
Music therapy plus standard care vs standard care alone Retention in treatment · people with substance use disorders Music therapy for people with substance use disorders (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.93, 1.05] | 6 studies · 199 participants | Moderate |
Music therapy plus standard care vs standard care alone Serious adverse events · people with substance use disorders Music therapy for people with substance use disorders (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Music therapy plus standard care vs active intervention plus standard care Psychological outcomes (depression) · people with substance use disorders Music therapy for people with substance use disorders (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 110 participants | Moderate |
Music therapy plus standard care vs active intervention plus standard care Substance craving · people with substance use disorders Music therapy for people with substance use disorders (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 232 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment Continuous abstinence rate at post‐treatment RR < 1.00 favors MBI Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 112 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs other treatments Continuous abstinence rate at Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 286 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs other treatments Percentage days with substance use at post‐treatment Lower SMD favors MBI Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 523 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs other treatments Percentage days with substance use at Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 409 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs other treatments Consumed amount at post‐treatment Lower SMD favors MBI Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 25 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs other treatments Craving intensity at post‐treatment Lower SMD favors MBI Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 971 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs other treatments Craving intensity at Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 415 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs other treatments Treatment acceptability (attrition) RR < 1.00 favors MBI Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 14 studies · 1531 participants | High |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment Continuous abstinence rate at Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 112 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment Percentage days with substance use at post‐treatment Lower SMD favors MBI Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 248 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment Percentage days with substance use at Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 167 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment Consumed amount at post‐treatment Lower SMD favors MBI Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 221 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment Consumed amount at Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 142 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment Craving intensity at post‐treatment Lower SMD favors MBI Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 128 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment Treatment acceptability (attrition) RR < 1.00 favors MBI Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 21 studies · 1087 participants | High |
Summary of findings: mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs other treatments Continuous abstinence rate at post‐treatment RR < 1.00 favors MBI Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 286 participants | Very low |
Any psychosocial interventions vs control intervention Frequency of alcohol misuse 6 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 475 participants | Moderate |
Parenting‐focused psychosocial interventions WITHOUT substance use‐focused component vs treatment Frequency of alcohol misuse 12 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 219 participants | Very low |
Parenting‐focused psychosocial interventions WITHOUT substance use‐focused component vs treatment Frequency of drug use 6 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 407 participants | Moderate |
Parenting‐focused psychosocial interventions WITHOUT substance use‐focused component vs treatment Frequency of drug use 12 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 351 participants | Very low |
Integrated parenting and substance use‐focused component psychosocial interventions vs treatment Frequency of alcohol misuse 6 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 113 participants | Low |
Integrated parenting and substance use‐focused component psychosocial interventions vs treatment Frequency of alcohol misuse 12 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 113 participants | Low |
Integrated parenting and substance use‐focused component psychosocial interventions vs treatment Frequency of drug use 6 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 131 participants | Low |
Integrated parenting and substance use‐focused component psychosocial interventions vs treatment Frequency of drug use 12 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 131 participants | Low |
Psychosocial interventions WITH child involvement vs control Frequency of alcohol misuse 6 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 273 participants | Very low |
Psychosocial interventions WITH child involvement vs control Frequency of alcohol misuse 12 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 219 participants | Very low |
Psychosocial interventions WITH child involvement vs control Frequency of drug use 6 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 429 participants | Low |
Any psychosocial interventions vs control intervention Frequency of alcohol misuse 12 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 366 participants | Moderate |
Psychosocial interventions WITH child involvement vs control Frequency of drug use 12 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 373 participants | Very low |
Psychosocial interventions WITHOUT child involvement vs control Frequency of alcohol misuse 6 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 202 participants | Low |
Psychosocial interventions WITHOUT child involvement vs control Frequency of alcohol misuse 12 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 147 participants | Low |
Psychosocial interventions WITHOUT child involvement vs control Frequency of drug use 6 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 196 participants | Low |
Psychosocial interventions WITHOUT child involvement vs control Frequency of drug use 12 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 141 participants | Low |
Psychosocial interventions vs control Frequency of alcohol misuse 6 months · Mothers who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 328 participants | Low |
Psychosocial interventions vs control Frequency of alcohol misuse 12 months · Mothers who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 325 participants | Very low |
Psychosocial interventions vs control Frequency of drug use 6 months · Mothers who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 484 participants | Low |
Psychosocial interventions vs control Frequency of drug use 12 months · Mothers who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 373 participants | Very low |
Psychosocial interventions vs control Frequency of alcohol misuse 6 months · Fathers who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 147 participants | Low |
Any psychosocial interventions vs control intervention Frequency of drug use 6 months · Parents who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 625 participants | Moderate |
Psychosocial interventions vs control Frequency of alcohol misuse 12 months · Fathers who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 147 participants | Low |
Psychosocial interventions vs control Frequency of drug use 6 months · Fathers who use substances Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing parental substance misuse (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 141 participants | Low |