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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,463 questions in 125 reviews · Anaesthesia
current versionsNo studies 197 · 13.5%Ungraded 203 · 13.9%Very low 307 · 21%Low 441 · 30.1%Moderate 245 · 16.7%High 70 · 4.8%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Corticosteroids · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Dexamethasone (13 RCTs; 1678 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 13 studies · 1678 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Methylprednisolone (0 RCTs; 0 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Antihistamines · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Haloperidol (4 RCTs; 327 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 327 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Dimenhydrinate (1 RCT; 50 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Meclizine (0 RCTs; 0 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Promethazine (1 RCT; 50 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Anticholinergics · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Scopolamine (4 RCTs; 447 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 447 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Comparator · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Placebo · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Total studies: 117 RCTs Total participants: 21,440 Number of treatments: 44 Geometry of the network** · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 117 studies · 21440 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Dolasetron (5 RCTs; 2402 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 2402 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Granisetron (9 RCTs; 850 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 850 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Metoclopramide (21 RCTs; 2134 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 21 studies · 2134 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Ondansetron (36 RCTs; 6092 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 36 studies · 6092 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Palonosetron (2 RCTs; 278 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 278 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Ramosetron (5 RCTs; 581 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 581 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Tropisetron (2 RCTs; 98 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 98 participants | Low |
Intervention NR D2 receptor antagonists · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Amisulpride (1 RCT; 689 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 689 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Droperidol (21 RCTs; 3739 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 21 studies · 3739 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Haloperidol (no direct evidence, indirect evidence only) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Intervention NR Metoclopramide (15 RCTs; 1178 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 15 studies · 1178 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Perphenazine (1 RCT; 115 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 115 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Perphenazine (0 RCTs; 0 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR NK1 receptor antagonists · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Aprepitant (no direct evidence, indirect evidence only) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Intervention NR Casopitant (0 RCTs; 0 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Fosaprepitant (0 RCTs; 0 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Rolapitant (0 RCTs; 0 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Corticosteroids · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Dexamethasone (9 RCTs; 1290 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 1290 participants | High |
Intervention NR Methylprednisolone (1 RCT; 112 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 112 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Antihistamines · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Dimenhydrinate (1 RCT; 50 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 50 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR NK1 receptor antagonists · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Meclizine (0 RCTs; 0 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Promethazine (3 RCTs; 162 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 162 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Anticholinergics · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Scopolamine (4 RCTs; 204 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 204 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Comparator · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Placebo · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Total studies: 64 RCTs Total participants: 10,724 Number of treatments: 30 Geometry of the network** · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 64 studies · 10724 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Dolasetron (3 RCTs; 288 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 288 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Granisetron (5 RCTs; 330 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 330 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Ondansetron (7 RCTs; 751 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 751 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Aprepitant (1 RCT; 94 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 94 participants | High |
Intervention NR Palonosetron (1 RCT; 60 participants) · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |