Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

70 questions · 70 findings · 4 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 25 · 35.7%GRADE not reported 7 · 10%Very low 19 · 27.1%Low 17 · 24.3%Moderate 2 · 2.9%High 0 · 0%

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors vs placebo

Severity of attacks · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 111 participants
Very low

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors vs placebo

Duration of attacks · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 73 participants
Low

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo

QoL · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors vs placebo

QoL · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors vs placebo

Adverse events · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 138 participants
GRADE not reported

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors vs placebo

RCS · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 79 participants
Low

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo

Adverse events (4 to 6‐week · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors showed no clear difference in adverse events (4 to 6‐week compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.35 [0.67, 2.73]
3 studies · 46 participants
Low

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo

RCS · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Alpha‐blockers vs placebo

Migraine frequency Number of attacks · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
GRADE not reported

Alpha‐blockers vs placebo

Severity of attacks · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 25 participants
GRADE not reported

Alpha‐blockers vs placebo

Duration of attacks · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
GRADE not reported

Levosimendan vs dobutamine

All‐cause short‐term mortality: range 15 to 31 days · people with cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome

Levosimendan showed no clear difference in all‐cause short‐term mortality: range 15 to 31 days compared with dobutamine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.6 [0.36, 1.03]
4 studies · 1701 participants
Low

Dopexamine vs dopamine

All‐cause long‐term mortality · adults with low cardiac output syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Milrinone vs dobutamine

All‐cause mortality · adults with low cardiac output syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Enoximone vs dobutamine

All‐cause short‐term mortality: 1 month · adults with low cardiac output syndrome

It is very uncertain whether enoximone changes all‐cause short‐term mortality: 1 month compared with dobutamine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.21 [0.01, 4.11]
1 study · 37 participants
Very low

Enoximone vs dobutamine

All‐cause long‐term mortality · adults with low cardiac output syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Epinephrine vs norepinephrine

All‐cause short‐term mortality: 28 daysÂ · adults with cardiogenic shock

It is very uncertain whether epinephrine changes all‐cause short‐term mortality: 28 daysÂ compared with norepinephrine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.81 [0.89, 3.68]
1 study · 57 participants
Very low

Epinephrine vs norepinephrine

All‐cause long‐term mortality: 60 days · adults with cardiogenic shock

It is very uncertain whether epinephrine changes all‐cause long‐term mortality: 60 days compared with norepinephrine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.41 [0.78, 2.56]
1 study · 57 participants
Very low

Dopamine‐milrinone vs dopamine‐dobutamine

All‐cause short‐term mortality: at intensive care unit · adults with cardiogenic shock

It is very uncertain whether dopamine‐milrinone changes all‐cause short‐term mortality: at intensive care unit compared with dopamine‐dobutamine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.34, 2.93]
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Dopamine‐milrinone vs dopamine‐dobutamine

All‐cause long‐term mortality · adults with cardiogenic shock

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found