Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

271 questions · 287 findings · 26 reviews · Colorectal

No studies found 22 · 7.7%GRADE not reported 7 · 2.4%Very low 83 · 28.9%Low 115 · 40.1%Moderate 49 · 17.1%High 11 · 3.8%

Immune‐enhancing supplements (oral or enteral) vs usual care or control

Non‐infectious complications · people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery

Immune‐enhancing supplements (oral or enteral) showed no clear difference in non‐ infectious complications recorded up to 30 days postdischarge compared with usual care or control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prehabilitation vs no prehabilitation

Complications within 30 days postoperatively · Patients with outcomes after colorectal cancer surgery

Prehabilitation showed no clear difference in complications within 30 days postoperatively compared with no prehabilitation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs mechanical bowel preparation alone

Surgical site infection · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… probably leads to lower SSI compared with mechanical bowel preparation alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs no bowel preparation

Surgical site infection · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in surgical site infections compared with no bowel preparation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs no bowel preparation

Anastomotic leakage · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in anastomotic leakage compared with no bowel preparation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs no bowel preparation

All‐cause mortality · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in mortality compared with no bowel preparation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs no bowel preparation

Postoperative ileus · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in incidence of postoperative ileus compared with no bowel preparation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs mechanical bowel preparation alone

Anastomotic leakage · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… probably leads to lower anastomotic leakage compared with mechanical bowel preparation alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs mechanical bowel preparation alone

All‐cause mortality · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in mortality compared with mechanical bowel preparation alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs mechanical bowel preparation alone

Postoperative ileus · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in incidence of postoperative ileus compared with mechanical bowel preparation alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs oral antibiotics

Surgical site infection · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… changes surgical site infections compared with oral antibiotics alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs oral antibiotics

Anastomotic leakage · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in anastomotic leakage compared with oral antibiotics alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs oral antibiotics

All‐cause mortality · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in mortality compared with oral antibiotics alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review