Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

94 questions · 109 findings · 9 reviews · Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma

No studies found 20 · 18.3%GRADE not reported 8 · 7.3%Very low 55 · 50.5%Low 17 · 15.6%Moderate 4 · 3.7%High 5 · 4.6%

Summary of findings. Below‐elbow vs above‐elbow cast

Minor complications (less serious).j Here represented by referral for physical therapy for range of motion limitation (post‐immobilisation after 4 weeks) · children with either displaced distal radius fracture with intact or displaced ulna fracture (both‐bone fracture), or minimally displaced…

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings. Below‐elbow changes minor complications.,j,k Here represented by Referral for physical… compared with above‐elbow cast (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: percutaneous pinning vs cast or brace immobilisation only

Upper limb function · adults with dorsally displaced distal radius fractures
3 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings: figure‐of‐eight bandage vs arm sling

Shoulder function · patients (mainly young male adults) with fractures of the middle third of the clavicle

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: figure‐of‐eight bandage changes shoulder function Constant score (0 to 100 points: higher = better) compared with arm sling (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: figure‐of‐eight bandage vs arm sling

Pain intensity (0‐10cm visual analogue scale) · patients (mainly young male adults) with fractures of the middle third of the clavicle

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: figure‐of‐eight bandage changes pain (early) Visual Analogue Scale ‐ VAS (0 (no pain) to 10 (worst… compared with arm sling (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: figure‐of‐eight bandage vs arm sling

Treatment failure (Number of participants who have undergone or are being considered for a surgical intervention) · patients (mainly young male adults) with fractures of the middle third of the clavicle

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review