Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

444 questions · 453 findings · 34 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 117 · 25.8%GRADE not reported 17 · 3.8%Very low 176 · 38.9%Low 96 · 21.2%Moderate 34 · 7.5%High 13 · 2.9%

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

Composite outcome – non‐randomised studies Composite endpoint of cardiopulmonary arrest, unplanned ICU admission or death per 1000 admitted patients ( · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration
1 finding from 1 review

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

Unplanned ICU admission – non‐randomised trial ( · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration
2 findings from 1 review

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

ICU readmission – non‐randomised studies · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs COMBINATIONS: b. HALOPERIDOL + LORAZEPAM

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional injection during 24 hours · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional… compared with COMBINATIONS: b. HALOPERIDOL + LORAZEPAM (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs chlorpromazine

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 1 injection · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more that 1 injection compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: b. CHLORPROMAZINE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: c. DROPERIDOL

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 1 injection · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

HALOPERIDOL probably leads to higher repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 1 injection compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: c. DROPERIDOL (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs RISPERIDONE

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional benzodiazepine · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

HALOPERIDOL showed no clear difference in repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional… compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: h. RISPERIDONE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: h. THIOTHIXENE

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes repeated need for rapid tranquillisation compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: i. THIOTHIXENE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: j. ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 3 injections · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 3 injections compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: k. ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs ARIPIPRAZOLE

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional injection · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

HALOPERIDOL may leads to lower repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional… compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: a. ARIPIPRAZOLE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs lorazepam

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 1 injection · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes repeated need for rapid tranquillisation more than 1 injection compared with BENZODIAZEPINE: b. LORAZEPAM (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency vs surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome diagnosed on clinical and radiologic criteria

Neonatal mortality · preterm infants at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency vs surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome diagnosed on clinical and radiologic criteria

Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

It is very uncertain whether surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency changes mortality prior to hospital discharge№ of participants: 562 (3 RCTs) compared with surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency vs surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome diagnosed on clinical and radiologic criteria

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia · preterm infants at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia№ of participants: 562(3 RCTs) compared with surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency vs surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome diagnosed on clinical and radiologic criteria

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia or mortality ‐ not reported · preterm infants at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency vs surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome diagnosed on clinical and radiologic criteria

Surfactant utilization № of participants: 562 (3 RCTs) · preterm infants at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency showed no clear difference in surfactant utilization № of participants: 562 (3 RCTs) compared with surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency vs surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome diagnosed on clinical and radiologic criteria

Pneumothorax · preterm infants at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency showed no clear difference in any pneumothorax№ of participants: 506(2 RCTs) compared with surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency vs surfactant therapy provided to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome diagnosed on clinical and radiologic criteria

Neurodevelopmental outcomes · preterm infants at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review