Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

601 questions · 608 findings · 50 reviews · Kidney and Transplant

No studies found 127 · 20.9%GRADE not reported 6 · 1%Very low 189 · 31.1%Low 184 · 30.3%Moderate 87 · 14.3%High 15 · 2.5%

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo or no treatment

Death (all causes) · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors showed no clear difference in all‐cause death Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo or no treatment

Fatal or nonfatal stroke · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal stroke Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo or no treatment

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo or no treatment

Micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers may leads to lower micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo or no treatment

Micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether angiotensin receptor blockers changes micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo or no treatment

Cardiovascular mortality · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors changes cardiovascular death Median compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dual therapy (angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus angiotensin receptor blockers) vs placebo or no treatment

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Dual therapy (angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus angiotensin receptor blockers) vs placebo or no treatment

Micro‐ to normoalbuminuria6 · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether dual therapy (angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus… changes micro‐ to normoalbuminuria6 compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo or no treatment

Doubling of SCr Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors changes doubling of SCr Median compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review