Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

63 questions · 63 findings · 2 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 2 · 3.2%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 30 · 47.6%Low 24 · 38.1%Moderate 4 · 6.3%High 3 · 4.8%

Intervention not reported

Maternal satisfaction with analgesia measured during labour (women with fair or poor relief)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

IM pethidine vs placebo

Additional analgesia required (epidural, pethidine and Entonox) · women in labour

IM pethidine may leads to lower additional analgesia required (epidural, pethidine and Entonox) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.71 [0.54, 0.94]
1 study · 50 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour (Pain relief score)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour (Pain score (1 hour after drug administration))

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal satisfaction with analgesia (assessed 3 days postpartum)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal satisfaction with analgesia, maternal pain score or pain measured in labour, additional analgesia, epidural

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Maternal pan score or pain measured in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pan score or pain measured in labour (rated as good one day after birth)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal satisfaction with analgesia in labour measured during the postnatal period (rated good or excellent)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal satisfaction with analgesia in labour measured during the postnatal period (Would use the same pain relief again)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

IM pethidine vs placebo

Epidural · women in labour

It is very uncertain whether IM pethidine changes epidural compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.5 [0.14, 1.78]
1 study · 50 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternla pain score measured in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour (measured 1 day after delivery)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Satisfied with mode of administration (PCA IM)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal satisfaction with analgesia measured post delivery (rated as good)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score measured during labour (after 30 minutes)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score measured during labour (after 60 minutes)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal satisfaction with analgesia measured during labour (number of women satisfied or very satisfied after 30 minutes)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low