Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

185 questions · 187 findings · 25 reviews · Hypertension

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No studies found 20 · 10.7%GRADE not reported 8 · 4.3%Very low 27 · 14.4%Low 43 · 23%Moderate 27 · 14.4%High 62 · 33.2%

First‐line low‐dose thiazide vs placebo

Total mortality · adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

First‐line drugs for hypertension 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 19874 participants
High

First‐line low‐dose thiazide vs placebo

Stroke · adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

First‐line drugs for hypertension 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 19874 participants
High

First‐line low‐dose thiazide vs placebo

Total coronary heart disease · adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

First‐line drugs for hypertension 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 19022 participants
High

First‐line low‐dose thiazide vs placebo

Cardiovascular events · adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

First‐line drugs for hypertension 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 19022 participants
High

First‐line low‐dose thiazide vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

First‐line drugs for hypertension 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 8870 participants
Low

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation) · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without… led to higher endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation) compared with supra-gingival scaling; GRADE not reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Effect of periodontal treatments on blood pressure 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long term · People diagnosed with periodontitis
MD 1.48 [0.67, 2.29]
1 study · 120 participants
GRADE not reported
Effect of periodontal treatments on blood pressure 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term · People diagnosed with periodontitis
MD -0.25 [-1.30, 0.80]
1 study
GRADE not reported
Effect of periodontal treatments on blood pressure 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term · People diagnosed with periodontitis and hypertension
MD 1.63 [0.43, 2.83]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs No treatment (no periodontal treatment)

Endothelial function · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other… showed no clear difference in endothelial function (forearm blood flow) compared with no treatment (no periodontal treatment); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of periodontal treatments on blood pressure 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long term · People diagnosed with periodontitis and other cardiovascular diseases except hypertension
MD 0.10 [-0.67, 0.87]
1 study · 48 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Angiotensin receptor blocker (medium‐ versus low‐dose) · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for hypertension in children 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 160 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

High‐ versus low‐dose · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for hypertension in children 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 418 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Medium‐ versus low‐dose · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for hypertension in children 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 160 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

High‐ versus low‐dose · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for hypertension in children 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 187 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Medium‐ versus low‐dose · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for hypertension in children 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 139 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

High‐ versus low‐dose · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for hypertension in children 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 187 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Medium‐ versus low‐dose · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for hypertension in children 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 139 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

High vs low dose Systolic blood pressure · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for hypertension in children 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 141 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

High vs low dose Diastolic blood pressure · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for hypertension in children 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 141 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Angiotensin receptor blocker (high‐ versus low‐dose) · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for hypertension in children 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 418 participants
Low

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) vs lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg)

All‐cause mortality · older adults with primary hypertension

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure targets for hypertension in older adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.24 [0.99, 1.54]
3 studies · 8221 participants
Low

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) vs lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg)

Stroke · older adults with primary hypertension

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) showed no clear difference in stroke compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure targets for hypertension in older adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.25 [0.94, 1.67]
3 studies · 8221 participants
Low

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) vs lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg)

Serious adverse events: cardiovascular events · older adults with primary hypertension

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) showed no clear difference in cardiovascular serious adverse events compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure targets for hypertension in older adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.19 [0.98, 1.45]
3 studies · 8221 participants
Low