Improvement (greater than 50% of time spent) heel‐toe walking Measured by parents' perception of toe walking frequency more than 50% of the time. · children with ITW gait
It is very uncertain whether botulinum toxin plus conservative treatment changes improvement (greater than 50% of time spent) heel‐toe walking… compared with conservative treatment only (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Active range of motion of the ankle joint · children with ITW gait
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Change from baseline in passive ankle dorsiflexion range of movement · children with ITW gait
1 finding from 1 review
Pain · children with ITW gait
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Recurrence of ITW post‐treatment Assessed by improvement in toe walking based on Gait Analysis Classification An increase indicates improvement (an improvement indicated by a change in downgrading of the severe or 3, moderate or 2, and mild or 1 c... · children with ITW gait
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · children with ITW gait
It is very uncertain whether botulinum toxin plus conservative treatment changes adverse events compared with conservative treatment only (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in cardiac function: number of patients with EF < 45% · boys with DMD, normal cardiac examination and LVEF > 55% at baseline
It is very uncertain whether prophylactic perindopril (2 mg to 4 mg daily) changes change in cardiac function: number of patients with EF < 45% compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in Ejection fraction (%) · boys (aged 8 to 16 years old) with subclinical cardiomyopathy in DMD
1 finding from 1 review
Change in cardiac function (change in peak systolic radial strain in LV lateral wall segments) · boys (aged 8 to 16 years old) with subclinical cardiomyopathy in DMD
1 finding from 1 review
Change in cardiac function (change in systolic radial strain rate LV inferolateral wall) · boys (aged 8 to 16 years old) with subclinical cardiomyopathy in DMD
1 finding from 1 review
Size of metabolically abnormal areas of myocardium · boys (aged 8 to 16 years old) with subclinical cardiomyopathy in DMD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Improvements in quality of life measures · boys (aged 8 to 16 years old) with subclinical cardiomyopathy in DMD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events · boys (aged 8 to 16 years old) with subclinical cardiomyopathy in DMD
1 finding from 1 review
Change in cardiac function: change (decline) from baseline in left ventricular strain · boys with DMD and left ventricular ejection fraction 45% or more
1 finding from 1 review
Change in Ejection fraction (%) · boys with DMD and left ventricular ejection fraction 45% or more
1 finding from 1 review
Size of metabolically abnormal areas of myocardium · boys with DMD and left ventricular ejection fraction 45% or more
1 finding from 1 review
Improvements in quality of life measures · boys with DMD and left ventricular ejection fraction 45% or more
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Size of metabolically abnormal areas of myocardium · boys with DMD, normal cardiac examination and LVEF > 55% at baseline
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events · boys with DMD and left ventricular ejection fraction 45% or more
It is very uncertain whether eplerenone (25 mg daily) changes adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in Ejection fraction (%) · people with DMD or BMD (ages not stated)
1 finding from 1 review