Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

510 questions · 532 findings · 49 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 120 · 22.6%GRADE not reported 34 · 6.4%Very low 146 · 27.4%Low 138 · 25.9%Moderate 75 · 14.1%High 19 · 3.6%

Dietary interventions vs diet and physical activity interventions combined

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 3971 participants
High

Dietary interventions vs diet and physical activity interventions combined

Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 3971 participants
High

Dietary interventions vs usual care

Participant adherence to intervention · psoriasis

Dietary intervention showed no clear difference in adherence to the intervention compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lifestyle changes for treating psoriasis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.26 [0.76, 2.09]
2 studies · 105 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

CVD mortality · adults without cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean dietary intervention showed no clear difference in CVD mortality compared with another dietary intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.81 [0.5, 1.32]
1 study · 7447 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Total mortality · adults without cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean dietary intervention showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with another dietary intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1 [0.81, 1.24]
1 study · 7447 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Myocardial infarction · adults without cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean dietary intervention showed no clear difference in myocardial infarction compared with another dietary intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.79 [0.57, 1.1]
1 study · 7447 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Stroke · adults without cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean dietary intervention probably leads to lower stroke compared with another dietary intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.6 [0.45, 0.8]
1 study · 7447 participants
Moderate

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Peripheral artery disease · adults without cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean dietary intervention probably leads to lower peripheral arterial disease compared with another dietary intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.42 [0.28, 0.61]
1 study · 7447 participants
Moderate

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Total cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 939 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

LDL cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 947 participants
Moderate

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 891 participants
Moderate

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Triglycerides (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 939 participants
Moderate

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 448 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 448 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Adverse events · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 7447 participants
Moderate

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Total cardiac endpoints (all‐cause and cardiac deaths, myocardial infarction, hospital admissions for heart failure, unstable angina or stroke, unadjusted) · adults with established cardiovascular disease

It is very uncertain whether mediterranean dietary intervention changes total cardiac endpoints (all‐cause and cardiac deaths, myocardial… compared with another dietary intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.4, 2.41]
1 study · 101 participants
Very low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Total cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults with established cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

LDL cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults with established cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 71 participants
Very low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults with established cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 71 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Triglycerides (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults with established cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 71 participants
Very low