Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

254 questions · 281 findings · 12 reviews · Incontinence

No studies found 151 · 53.7%GRADE not reported 10 · 3.6%Very low 74 · 26.3%Low 33 · 11.7%Moderate 12 · 4.3%High 1 · 0.4%

Combinations of conservative treatments vs no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction

Adherence · men with urinary incontinence following prostate surgery

It is very uncertain whether combinations of conservative treatments changes participant adherence to the intervention: as reported by the… compared with no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm vs other behavioural interventions

Proportion of children achieving 14 consecutive dry nights by the end of treatment · children with nocturnal enuresis

Alarm showed no clear difference in proportion of children achieving 14 consecutive dry nights by the… compared with other behavioural interventions (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults: prophylactic use of alpha blocker vs no intervention

Number of participants requiring recatheterisation · adults with short‐term indwelling urethral catheters that need to be removed

It is very uncertain whether removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults:… changes number of participants requiring recatheterisation compared with no drug or intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults: prophylactic use of alpha blocker vs no intervention

Symptomatic catheter associated urinary tract infection · adults with short‐term indwelling urethral catheters that need to be removed

It is very uncertain whether removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults:… changes symptomatic catheter associated urinary tract infection compared with no drug or intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults: prophylactic use of alpha blocker vs no intervention

Condition‐specific QoL or generic QoL measure · adults with short‐term indwelling urethral catheters that need to be removed

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review