What do systematic reviews say?

Vasopressin receptor antagonists vs placebo or no treatment

• Interventions for chronic non‐hypovolaemic hypotonic hyponatraemia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  21 studies · 2641 participants
  Moderate

Vasopressin receptor antagonists vs placebo or no treatment

Vasopressin receptor antagonists probably leads to higher serum sodium concentration (response) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for chronic non‐hypovolaemic hypotonic hyponatraemia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.49 [1.95, 3.18]
  18 studies · 2104 participants
  Moderate

Vasopressin receptor antagonists vs placebo or no treatment

Vasopressin receptor antagonists probably leads to higher rapid sodium increase compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for chronic non‐hypovolaemic hypotonic hyponatraemia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.67 [1.16, 2.4]
  14 studies · 2058 participants
  Moderate

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) vs placebo or no treatment

• Beta‐blockers and inhibitors of the renin‐angiotensin aldosterone system for chronic heart failure with preserved… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 511 participants
  Low

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) vs placebo or no treatment

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality (RR) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

• Beta‐blockers and inhibitors of the renin‐angiotensin aldosterone system for chronic heart failure with preserved… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.9 [0.74, 1.11]
  3 studies · 4070 participants
  Moderate

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) vs placebo or no treatment

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) probably leads to lower heart failure hospitalisation (RR) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

• Beta‐blockers and inhibitors of the renin‐angiotensin aldosterone system for chronic heart failure with preserved… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.82 [0.69, 0.98]
  3 studies · 3714 participants
  Moderate

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) vs placebo or no treatment

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) leads to higher hyperkalaemia compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

• Beta‐blockers and inhibitors of the renin‐angiotensin aldosterone system for chronic heart failure with preserved… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.11 [1.77, 2.52]
  6 studies · 4291 participants
  High

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) vs placebo or no treatment

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

• Beta‐blockers and inhibitors of the renin‐angiotensin aldosterone system for chronic heart failure with preserved… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.78, 1.06]
  5 studies · 4207 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 participants
  GRADE not reported