Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,345 questions · 4,525 findings · 483 reviews

No studies found 1,024 · 22.6%GRADE not reported 388 · 8.6%Very low 1,172 · 25.9%Low 1,227 · 27.1%Moderate 576 · 12.7%High 138 · 3%

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Time to feeding after surgery · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block may leads to lower time to feeding after surgery (in minutes) compared with intravenous analgesia (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐modal hand therapy vs normal activities and advice

Return to normal occupations ‐ 4 weeks after completion of treatment (6 weeks post surgery) · people who have had carpal tunnel release surgery

Multi‐modal hand therapy showed no clear difference in return to normal occupations ‐ at the end of treatment (2 weeks post… compared with normal activities and advice (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Behavioural intervention vs control

Smoking cessation at time of surgery ‐ Intensive behavioural intervention (multiple contacts, initiated at least 4 weeks before surgery) · People awaiting surgery

Behavioural intervention probably leads to higher smoking cessation at time of surgery ‐ Intensive behavioural… compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural intervention vs control

Smoking cessation at time of surgery ‐ Brief behavioural intervention · People awaiting surgery

Behavioural intervention leads to higher smoking cessation at time of surgery ‐ Brief behavioural intervention compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Arthroscopy vs open surgery

Clinical evaluations 12 months after surgery (6 pooled clinical signs) · Adults (older than 18 years) with a temporomandibular disorder (synovitis, disc displacement with or without reduction, myofascial…

Arthroscopy showed no clear difference in clinical evaluations 12 months after surgery (6 pooled clinical signs) compared with open surgery; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Minimal incision palatopharyngoplasty (MIPP) vs MIPP with additional individualised velopharyngeal surgery (pharyngeal flap or sphincter pharyngoplasty)

Adverse effect: failure of muscle fusion in the region of the cleft after surgery · Children or adolescents aged 3 years or older with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) associated with non-syndromic submucous cleft palate
1 finding from 1 review