Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,935 questions · 1,986 findings · 260 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 503 · 25.3%GRADE not reported 76 · 3.8%Very low 593 · 29.9%Low 509 · 25.6%Moderate 241 · 12.1%High 64 · 3.2%

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent plus control intervention vs control intervention

Progression‐free survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent… probably leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with control intervention alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent plus control intervention vs control intervention

Toxicity · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent… changes toxicity compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table: chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s)… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Progression‐free survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table: chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s)… probably leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with control intervention alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Toxicity · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table: chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s)… changes toxicity compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Potassium citrate vs no intervention

Proportion of participants who developed a new urinary stone · children with idiopathic urinary calculi treated with shockwave lithotripsy

Potassium citrate may leads to lower proportion of participants who developed a new urinary stone compared with no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Potassium citrate vs no intervention

Proportion of participants with adverse events while undergoing intervention · children with idiopathic urinary calculi treated with shockwave lithotripsy

It is very uncertain whether potassium citrate changes proportion of participants with adverse events while undergoing… compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary care physician alerting system vs usual care

Bone mineral density · General practitioners/family doctors involved in the management of patients with osteoporosis

Primary care physician alerting system probably leads to higher bone mineral density1 compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review