Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,310 questions · 1,358 findings · 214 reviews

No studies found 230 · 16.9%GRADE not reported 169 · 12.4%Very low 269 · 19.8%Low 277 · 20.4%Moderate 291 · 21.4%High 122 · 9%

Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality at up to day 281 · hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

Remdesivir and standard care showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at up to day 281 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality at up to day 60 · hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

Remdesivir and standard care showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at up to day 60 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care

In‐hospital mortality at up to day 150 · hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

Remdesivir and standard care showed no clear difference in in‐hospital mortality at up to day 150 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care

Clinical improvement: discharged alive ( · hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

Remdesivir and standard care probably leads to higher clinical improvement: participants alive and ready to be discharged… compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care

Clinical worsening: new need for invasive mechanical ventilation or death · hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

Remdesivir and standard care probably leads to lower clinical worsening: time to new need for invasive mechanical… compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care

Adverse events: all grades · hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

Remdesivir and standard care showed no clear difference in adverse events (any grade) at up to day 28 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care

Serious adverse events at up to day 28 · hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

Remdesivir and standard care showed no clear difference in serious adverse events at up to day 28 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

28‐day all‐cause mortality · hospitalised adults with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

The intervention probably leads to lower 28‐day all‐cause mortality (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Worsening up to day 28: participants with new need for invasive mechanical ventilation or death · hospitalised adults with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

The intervention showed no clear difference in worsening up to day 28: participants with new need for invasive… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Improvement up to day 28: participants discharged alive · hospitalised adults with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

The intervention showed no clear difference in improvement up to day 28: participants discharged alive (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Thrombotic events at longest · hospitalised adults with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

The intervention showed no clear difference in thrombotic events at longest (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Serious adverse events at longest · hospitalised adults with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

The intervention showed no clear difference in serious adverse events at longest (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events during study treatment · hospitalised adults with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Major bleeding events at longest · hospitalised adults with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)

The intervention probably leads to higher major bleeding events at longest (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies (EpAbs) vs saline placebo

Clinical improvement: participants discharged from hospital ‐ not reported · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies… showed no clear difference in improvement of clinical status (number of participants discharged… compared with saline placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies (EpAbs) vs saline placebo

Adverse events: all grades · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies… showed no clear difference in adverse events of any grade (by day 28) compared with saline placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review