Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,640 questions · 2,709 findings · 446 reviews

No studies found 593 · 21.9%GRADE not reported 241 · 8.9%Very low 538 · 19.9%Low 706 · 26.1%Moderate 516 · 19%High 115 · 4.2%

Lamotrigine vs lithium

Withdrawal from treatment due to any reason, 6‐12 months after intervention initiation (long term) · bipolar disorder

Lamotrigine showed no clear difference in withdrawal from treatment due to any reason, 6‐12 months after… compared with lithium (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs lithium

Any reported adverse effects 6‐12 months after initiating the intervention (long term) · bipolar disorder

Lamotrigine probably leads to lower any reported adverse effects 6‐12 months after initiating the… compared with lithium (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs placebo

Withdrawal from treatment due to any reason, 6‐12 months after intervention initiation (long term) · bipolar disorder

Lamotrigine probably leads to lower withdrawal from treatment due to any reason, 6‐12 months after… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs placebo

Any reported adverse effects 6‐12 months after initiating the intervention (long term) · bipolar disorder

Lamotrigine showed no clear difference in any reported adverse effects 6‐12 months after initiating the… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs placebo or usual care

Participants with prolongation of QT‐interval on ECG · adults with mild to severe COVID‐19

It is very uncertain whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) changes participants with prolongation of QT‐interval on ECG compared with standard care or placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to the patient or HCW before and/or after an AGP vs No treatment or saline or water

Other adverse events (allergy, irritation/burning of nasal, oral or oropharyngeal mucosa, long-term staining of mucous membranes or teeth, accidental ingestion) · Patients without suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs), and the healthcare workers…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment or saline or water

Other adverse events (allergy, irritation/burning of nasal, oral or oropharyngeal mucosa, long-term staining of mucous membranes or teeth, accidental ingestion) · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs open abdominal retropubic suspension

Long‐term adverse effects Number of women with recurrent UTIs at > 5 years · women with urinary incontinence

Traditional suburethral sling operation showed no clear difference in long‐term adverse effects Number of women with recurrent UTIs at > 5… compared with open abdominal retropubic colposuspension (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs a mid‐urethral sling or tape

Long‐term adverse effects Release of sling required · women with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether traditional suburethral sling operation changes long‐term adverse effects Release of sling required compared with a mid‐urethral sling or tape (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review