Cochrane · systematic review · CD013587
Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine for prevention and treatment of COVID‐19
Singh, B, Ryan, H, Kredo, T, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2021 · Cochrane Library
Infectious DiseasesAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
11
current version
GRADE rated
11
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 4 · 36.4%Low 3 · 27.3%Moderate 3 · 27.3%High 1 · 9.1%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) compared to standard care or placebo for the treatment of people with COVID‐19
Population: adults with mild to severe COVID‐19
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Death due to any cause Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs standard care or placebo | RR 1.09 [0.99, 1.19] | 9 studies · 8208 participants | High |
Negative PCR for SARS‐CoV‐2 on respiratory samples at day 14 from enrolmentd Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs standard care or placebo | RR 1 [0.91, 1.1] | 3 studies · 213 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Progression to mechanical ventilation Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs standard care or placebo | RR 1.11 [0.91, 1.37] | 3 studies · 4521 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Time to clinical improvement Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs standard care or placebo | HR 1.01 [0.59, 1.74] | 1 study · 119 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Participants with any adverse events Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs standard care or placebo | RR 2.9 [1.49, 5.64] | 6 studies · 1394 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Participants with serious adverse events Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs standard care or placebo | RR 0.82 [0.37, 1.79] | 6 studies · 1004 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Participants with prolongation of QT‐interval on ECG Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs standard care or placebo | RR 8.47 [1.14, 63.03] | 1 study · 147 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) compared to placebo for the prevention of COVID‐19 in people who have been exposed to SARS‐CoV‐2
Population: people who have been exposed to SARS‐CoV‐2
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Development of confirmed COVID‐19 at 14 days from enrolment Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs placebo | RR 1.2 [0.5, 2.87] | 1 study · 821 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Hospitalized due to COVID‐19c Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs placebo | RR 0.98 [0.06, 15.66] | 1 study · 821 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Participants with any adverse events Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs placebo | RR 2.39 [1.83, 3.11] | 1 study · 700 participants | Moderate Downgraded: indirectness |
Participants with serious adverse events Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 700 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |