Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

885 questions · 903 findings · 72 reviews

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No studies found 106 · 11.7%GRADE not reported 45 · 5%Very low 114 · 12.6%Low 238 · 26.4%Moderate 314 · 34.8%High 86 · 9.5%

Intervention not reported

CFB in AQLQ at 12 months ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2552(3 RCTs)

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 12 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

CFB in AQLQ at 12 months ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants: 1087(1 RCT)

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 12 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

CFB in AQLQ at 12 months ‐ TRIPLE vs DUAL№ of participants: 3623(3 RCTs)

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 12 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 7 RCTs Total Participants: 10453 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 10453 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3700 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3700 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Severe exacerbations ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 815(1 RCT)

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe exacerbations ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants:… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.57 [0.17, 1.93]
1 study · 815 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

MD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3063 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3063 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

HD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 2 RCTs; 1916 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1916 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 5 RCTs Total Participants: 7391 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 7391 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 2 RCTs; 2817 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2817 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

MD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 2 RCTs; 2237 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2237 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

HD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 1088 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1088 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Outcome№ of participants(studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

ACQ responders at 6 months ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 3700(3 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in ACQ responders at 6 months ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.96, 1.08]
3 studies · 6 participants
Moderate

Adults: formoterol/ICS vs salmeterol/ICS

All‐cause mortality ‐ formoterol and budesonide vs salmeterol and fluticasone · adults, chronic asthma: all‐cause mortality

Adults: formoterol/ICS showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality ‐ formoterol/budesonide vs salmeterol/fluticasone compared with salmeterol/ICS (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.03 [0.06, 16.44]
7 studies · 5935 participants
Low

Adults: formoterol/ICS vs salmeterol/ICS

All‐cause non‐fatal serious adverse events ‐ formoterol/budesonide vs salmeterol/budesonide · adults, chronic asthma: all‐cause mortality

Adults: formoterol/ICS showed no clear difference in all‐cause non‐fatal serious adverse events ‐ formoterol/budesonide… compared with salmeterol/ICS (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 7.45 [0.15, 375.68]
1 study · 229 participants
Low

Adults: formoterol/ICS vs salmeterol/ICS

Asthma‐related non‐fatal serious adverse events · adults, chronic asthma: all‐cause mortality

Adults: formoterol/ICS showed no clear difference in asthma‐related non‐fatal serious adverse events ‐… compared with salmeterol/ICS (low certainty).

5 findings from 1 review

Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.69 [0.37, 1.26]
7 studies · 5935 participants
Low
Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.01 [0.06, 16.24]
5 studies · 1510 participants
Very low
Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 7 [0.14, 353.37]
1 study · 722 participants
Very low

Show 2 more findings

Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.05 [0, 3.1]
2 studies · 293 participants
Very low
Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 229 participants
GRADE not reported

Children: formoterol/fluticasone vs regular salmeterol and fluticasone

All‐cause mortality · children with chronic asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 548 participants
GRADE not reported