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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

781 questions · 1,089 findings · 92 reviews · Dental caries

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No studies found 77 · 7.1%GRADE not reported 781 · 71.7%Very low 86 · 7.9%Low 97 · 8.9%Moderate 38 · 3.5%High 10 · 0.9%

1055 to 1100 ppm F toothpaste vs 500 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)

1055 to 1100 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index d(m)ft compared with 500 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral-health promotion programs (OHPPs): community-based oral-health education/training, supervised toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and topical fluoride, dental screening, and dietary advice vs No oral-health promotion program, or a differing (usual-care) action under similar conditions

DMFT/DMFS index (dental caries experience) · Children aged 0-12 years in Japan

The single Japanese study yielded a degenerate estimate of OR 0.00 (95% CI 0.00 to 0.00; ungraded, single study).

1 finding from 1 review

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) pulpotomy dressing vs Calcium-enriched mixture (CEM)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Immature (young) permanent teeth with open apex and vital pulp exposed to dental caries or trauma, in children aged 6-14 years

A single RCT found no difference in pulpotomy success between MTA and calcium-enriched mixture (both 100% at 6 and 12 months; not pooled; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT compared with 250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1055 to 1100 ppm F toothpaste vs 500 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Adverse effects of toothpaste · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)
1 finding from 1 review

Residence in heavily contaminated area (approx. 15-40 Ci/km2) vs Residence in non-contaminated (non-exposed) area (<1 Ci/km2)

Dental caries · Children aged 5-7 years (early school-age)

In early school-age children (5-7 y) from heavily contaminated areas, individual studies gave conflicting DMFT/dmft differences (some favouring exposed, some non-exposed); the review did not pool them (ungraded).

4 findings from 1 review
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1055 to 1100 ppm F toothpaste vs 500 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)

1055 to 1100 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, surface index d(m)fs compared with 500 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Learning disability (CLD) vs No learning disability (CNLD)

Restorative index (RI), permanent teeth · Children aged 1-18 years

The restorative index for permanent teeth could not be meta-analyzed (no variance data); it was lower or equal in children with learning disabilities in 4 of 9 studies, and the pattern suggested more extraction- than restoration-based care in CLD (certainty not graded).

1 finding from 1 review

Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) vs Abscess remedy (AR)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Immature (young) permanent teeth with open apex and vital pulp exposed to dental caries or trauma, in children aged 6-14 years

A single RCT found higher pulpotomy success with triple antibiotic paste than abscess remedy (100% vs 80%; statistically significant, P<0.05; not pooled; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Learning disability (CLD) vs No learning disability (CNLD)

Early childhood caries experience (mean dmft) · Children aged 1-18 years

In primary teeth, meta-analysis found no evidence of a difference in caries experience (dmft/deft) between children with and without learning disabilities (SMD 0.41, 95% CI -0.14 to 0.96; 8 studies; certainty not graded).

4 findings from 1 review
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1500 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)

1500 ppm F toothpaste probably leads to lower caries increment, surface index d(m)fs compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Residence in low-contamination area (approx. 5-15 Ci/km2) vs Residence in non-contaminated (non-exposed) area (<1 Ci/km2)

Dental caries · Children aged 5-7 years (early school-age)

In early school-age children (5-7 y) from a low-contamination area, one study reported higher DMFT/dmft in exposed than non-exposed children; the estimate was not pooled (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF; 30% or 38%) vs Fluoride varnish

Arrest of dentine caries · Preschool children with active dentine caries in primary teeth (mean age 3.4-4.0 years)

Silver diamine fluoride was about 2.5 times more likely than sodium fluoride to arrest dentine caries surfaces at 18 months (pooled OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.25 to 5.10; 2 RCTs), although between-study heterogeneity was high (I2=90.3%); certainty of evidence was not formally graded.

2 findings from 1 review

2400 to 2800 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

2400 to 2800 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral-health promotion programs (OHPPs): community-based oral-health education/training, supervised toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and topical fluoride, dental screening, and dietary advice vs No oral-health promotion program, or a differing (usual-care) action under similar conditions

DMFT/DMFS index (dental caries experience) · Children aged 0-12 years (studies published 2015 or later)

In studies published from 2015 onward, OHPPs were associated with lower DMFT (OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.53; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Learning disability (CLD) vs No learning disability (CNLD)

Dental caries in permanent teeth · Children aged 1-18 years

Across all learning disabilities, meta-analysis found no evidence of a difference in permanent-tooth caries experience (DMFT) between children with and without learning disabilities (SMD -0.43, 95% CI -0.91 to 0.05; 16 studies; certainty not graded).

4 findings from 1 review
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440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT compared with 250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review