Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,192 questions · 1,243 findings · 151 reviews

No studies found 252 · 20.3%GRADE not reported 180 · 14.5%Very low 291 · 23.4%Low 282 · 22.7%Moderate 174 · 14%High 64 · 5.1%

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Depression: meeting study criteria for depression at end of · people with depression after stroke

Pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation… may leads to lower depression: meeting the criteria for depression at end of treatment… compared with a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care… (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation… changes depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment… compared with a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Depression: mean scores at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation… changes adverse events: death (secondary outcome) compared with a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. headache, seizures) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation… changes adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. headache,… compared with a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. dysuria, neck pain, eye discomfort) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation… changes adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g.… compared with a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Two or more foetal haemoglobin inducers at any dose or duration vs a usual management protocol, placebo or a single foetal haemoglobin inducer

Frequency of transfusion (transfused volume/year) · people with non‐transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassaemia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Two or more foetal haemoglobin inducers at any dose or duration vs a usual management protocol, placebo or a single foetal haemoglobin inducer

Transfusion‐free interval (days) · people with non‐transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassaemia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Two or more foetal haemoglobin inducers at any dose or duration vs a usual management protocol, placebo or a single foetal haemoglobin inducer

Measures of HbF · people with non‐transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassaemia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review