Adverse effects · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
It is very uncertain whether topical corticosteroid changes adverse effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical score · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
Clobetasol propionate 0.025% microspheres showed no clear difference in clinical score compared with clobetasol propionate 0.025% ointment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Pain resolution · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
Topical corticosteroid may leads to higher pain resolution compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical score · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
It is very uncertain whether clobetasol propionate ointment changes clinical score compared with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain (mean score, 0-10) · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
Topical corticosteroid may leads to lower pain (mean score, 0-10) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain (mean VAS score) · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
Topical triamcinolone acetonide showed no clear difference in pain (mean VAS score) compared with topical pimecrolimus; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Pain (mean score) · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
Dexamethasone ointment showed no clear difference in pain (mean score) compared with amlexanox paste; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Pain (mean score) · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
It is very uncertain whether topical triamcinolone acetonide changes pain (mean score) compared with photodynamic therapy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical resolution · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
1 finding from 1 review
Pain (mean score) · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
Clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment showed no clear difference in pain (mean score) compared with clobetasol propionate 0.025% ointment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical resolution · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
It is very uncertain whether clobetasol propionate ointment changes clinical resolution compared with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical score · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical resolution · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
Clobetasol propionate ointment may leads to higher clinical resolution compared with triamcinolone acetonide ointment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
SoF 5, Safety of the intervention up to 3 months: 'All patients in the bleomycin group developed erythema with erosion by the end of the applications, whereas erythema developed in the placebo group. Discomfort was…
1 study
GRADE not reported
Improvement of histological features (not improved) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
Systemic beta carotene or carotenoids (incl. lycopene) may leads to lower improvement of histological features (not improved) compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Improvement of histological features (not improved) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
SoF 6, Histological changes: 'Not measured'. Effects text: data on histological changes from Armstrong 2013 were not available for analysis, but study authors reported no statistically significant differences in…
1 study
GRADE not reported
Improvement of histological features (not improved) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
Vitamin A or retinoids (systemic or topical; incl. 13-cis-retinoic… probably leads to lower improvement of histological features (not improved) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
SoF 2, Safety of the intervention at 5 to 12 months: 'Systemic beta carotene did not cause any adverse effects in 1 study supplementing 10 mg/d (Nagao), and caused adverse effects of varying severity in 9% of…
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Improvement of histological features (not improved) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
Surgical removal of the lesion (surgical excision, laser surgery, cryotherapy) vs Placebo or no treatment
Outcome not reported · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
'We did not identify any RCTs that compared surgical treatments with placebo or no treatment.' Three surgical RCTs were found (Chee 2013, Lopez-Jornet 2013, Schwarz 2005) but all excluded because they did not include a…
Studies not reported
No studies found