Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,209 questions · 2,322 findings · 227 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 644 · 27.7%GRADE not reported 135 · 5.8%Very low 591 · 25.5%Low 582 · 25.1%Moderate 309 · 13.3%High 61 · 2.6%

Intervention not reported

Interactive and tailored versus non‐active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention may leads to higher interactive and tailored versus non‐active control Self‐report or… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Internet versus active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention showed no clear difference in internet versus active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based non‐active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention probably leads to higher internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention showed no clear difference in internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based active… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Comparisons between Internet interventions (programmes): tailored/interactive versus not tailored/interactive Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention showed no clear difference in comparisons between Internet interventions (programmes):… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Comparisons between Internet interventions (messages): tailored/interactive versus not tailored/interactive Self‐reported smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention showed no clear difference in comparisons between Internet interventions (messages):… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

(RCT) Safe intravenous systems vs regular systems

Incidences of blood contamination ‐ Active systems · preventing percutaneous exposure injuries caused by needles in healthcare personnel

(RCT) Safe intravenous systems may leads to higher incidences of blood contamination ‐ Active systems compared with regular systems (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

(RCT) Safe intravenous systems vs regular systems

Incidence of blood leakage ‐ Active systems · preventing percutaneous exposure injuries caused by needles in healthcare personnel

(RCT) Safe intravenous systems may leads to lower incidence of blood leakage ‐ Active systems compared with regular systems (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Atopiclair vs vehicle

Change in use of topical active treatment ‐ not measured · people with eczema

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

H. pylori eradication therapy versus no active treatment · people with Helicobacter pylori‐positive peptic ulcer

The intervention may leads to lower H. pylori eradication therapy versus no active treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

H. pylori eradication therapy versus no active treatment · prevention of recurrence in people with Helicobacter pylori‐positive peptic ulcer

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes H. pylori eradication therapy versus no active treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects: Acupressure versus placebo , no treatment or active controls · women with primary dysmenorrhoea

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review