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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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Review versions

1,886 questions in 74 reviews · Skin

current versions

No studies 542 · 28.7%Ungraded 130 · 6.9%Very low 326 · 17.3%Low 434 · 23%Moderate 348 · 18.5%High 106 · 5.6%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
All moisturisers vs vehicle, placebo or no moisturiser Number of participants reporting an adverse event · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	RR 1.03 [0.82, 1.3]	10 studies · 1275 participants	Moderate
All moisturisers vs vehicle, placebo or no moisturiser Change from baseline in disease severity as assessed by the investigators · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	12 studies · 1281 participants	High
Moisturisers vs no treatment (no moisturiser) Change from baseline in disease severity as assessed by the investigators · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 276 participants	Low
All moisturisers vs vehicle, placebo or no moisturiser Number of participants who experienced a flare · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	RR 0.33 [0.17, 0.62]	6 studies · 607 participants	Moderate
All moisturisers vs vehicle, placebo or no moisturiser Total amount of topical corticosteroids used · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 222 participants	Low
All moisturisers vs vehicle, placebo or no moisturiser Change from baseline in health‐related quality of life · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 300 participants	Low
Licochalcone‐containing moisturiser vs hydrocortisone acetate 1% cream Change from baseline in disease severity according to participants ‐ not measured · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Licochalcone‐containing moisturiser vs hydrocortisone acetate 1% cream Number of participants who rated treatment satisfaction as good to excellent · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 30 participants	Low
Licochalcone‐containing moisturiser vs hydrocortisone acetate 1% cream Number of participants reporting an adverse event · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 18 participants	Low
Licochalcone‐containing moisturiser vs hydrocortisone acetate 1% cream Change from baseline in disease severityas assessed by the investigators · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 96 participants	Low
Licochalcone‐containing moisturiser vs hydrocortisone acetate 1% cream Number of participants who experienced a flare · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 30 participants	Low
Licochalcone‐containing moisturiser vs hydrocortisone acetate 1% cream Change in use of active topical treatment ‐ not measured · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Licochalcone‐containing moisturiser vs hydrocortisone acetate 1% cream Change from baseline in quality of life ‐ not measured · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Moisturisers vs no treatment (no moisturiser) Number of participants who experienced a flare · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	RR 0.4 [0.23, 0.7]	2 studies · 87 participants	Low
Vehicle treatment + daily moisturiser vs fluticasone propionate twice weekly + daily moisturiser Change from baseline in disease severity as assessed by the participants (number of participants reporting good to excellent result) · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	RR 0.45 [0.34, 0.59]	1 study · 348 participants	High
Vehicle treatment + daily moisturiser vs fluticasone propionate twice weekly + daily moisturiser Participant satisfaction ‐ not measured · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Vehicle treatment + daily moisturiser vs fluticasone propionate twice weekly + daily moisturiser Number of participants reporting an adverse event · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	RR 0.51 [0.22, 1.14]	4 studies · 718 participants	Low
Vehicle treatment + daily moisturiser vs fluticasone propionate twice weekly + daily moisturiser Change from baseline in disease severityas assessed by the investigators · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 75 participants	Moderate
Vehicle treatment + daily moisturiser vs fluticasone propionate twice weekly + daily moisturiser Number of participants who experienced a flare · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	RR 2.17 [1.51, 3.11]	4 studies · 718 participants	Moderate
Vehicle treatment + daily moisturiser vs fluticasone propionate twice weekly + daily moisturiser Change in use of topical active treatment ‐ not measured · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Vehicle treatment + daily moisturiser vs fluticasone propionate twice weekly + daily moisturiser Change from baseline in quality of life ‐ not measured · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Topical active treatment in combination with moisturiser vs topical active treatment alone Change from baseline in disease severity according to participants ‐ not measured · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Topical active treatment in combination with moisturiser vs topical active treatment alone Participant satisfaction · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 201 participants	Low
Topical active treatment in combination with moisturiser vs topical active treatment alone Number of participants reporting an adverse event · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	RR 0.39 [0.13, 1.19]	1 study · 125 participants	Very low
Moisturisers vs no treatment (no moisturiser) Amount of corticosteroids used · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 222 participants	Low
Topical active treatment in combination with moisturiser vs topical active treatment alone Change from baseline in disease severity as assessed by the investigators · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 192 participants	Moderate
Topical active treatment in combination with moisturiser vs topical active treatment alone Number of participants who experienced a flare · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	RR 0.43 [0.2, 0.93]	1 study · 105 participants	Low
Topical active treatment in combination with moisturiser vs topical active treatment alone Change in amount of use topical active treatment ‐ not measured · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Topical active treatment in combination with moisturiser vs topical active treatment alone Change from baseline in health‐related quality of life · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 67 participants	Low
Moisturisers vs no treatment (no moisturiser) Change from baseline in health‐related quality of life · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 177 participants	Low
Atopiclair vs vehicle Change from baseline in disease severity according to participants (number of participants who considered their skin to have improved) · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	RR 4.51 [2.19, 9.29]	3 studies · 390 participants	Moderate
Atopiclair vs vehicle Participant satisfaction · people with eczema Emollients and moisturisers for eczema (2017) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 248 participants	Moderate
Complete cure and adverse events for terbinafine vs griseofulvin Proportion of participants with complete cure · children with tinea capitis Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.06 [0.98, 1.15]	3 studies · 328 participants	Low
Complete cure for ketoconazole vs griseofulvin Proportion of participants with complete cure · children infected with Trichophyton Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.92 [0.81, 1.03]	1 study · 62 participants	Low
Complete cure for fluconazole vs griseofulvin Proportion of participants with complete cure · children with tinea capitis Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.92 [0.81, 1.05]	3 studies · 615 participants	Moderate
Complete cure for fluconazole vs griseofulvin Proportion of participants with complete cure · children with tinea capitis Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.06 [0.77, 1.46]	1 study · 361 participants	Low
Complete cure for fluconazole vs terbinafine The proportion of participants with complete cure · children infected with Trichophyton Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.87 [0.75, 1.01]	1 study · 100 participants	Low
Complete cure for fluconazole vs itraconazole Proportion of participants with complete cure · children infected with Trichophyton Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1 [0.83, 1.2]	1 study · 100 participants	Low
Intervention NR Proportion of participants with complete cure · children infected with T. tonsurans and M. canis Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.88 [0.68, 1.14]	1 study · 491 participants	Low
Complete cure and adverse events for terbinafine vs griseofulvin Proportion of participants with complete cure · children with tinea capitis Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.18 [0.74, 1.88]	1 study · 1006 participants	Low
Complete cure and adverse events for terbinafine vs griseofulvin Proportion of participants with complete cure · children with tinea capitis Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.68 [0.53, 0.86]	2 studies · 334 participants	Moderate
Complete cure and adverse events for terbinafine vs griseofulvin Proportion of participants with complete cure · children with tinea capitis Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.45 [0.15, 1.35]	1 study · 21 participants	Low
Complete cure and adverse events for terbinafine vs griseofulvin Adverse events attributed to the study drugs · children with tinea capitis Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.11 [0.79, 1.57]	1 study · 1549 participants	Moderate
Complete cure and adverse events for terbinafine vs griseofulvin Severe adverse events · children with tinea capitis Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.97 [0.24, 3.88]	1 study · 1549 participants	Moderate
Complete cure for itraconazole vs griseofulvin Proportion of participants with complete cure · children infected with Trichophyton and Microsporum Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.92 [0.81, 1.05]	2 studies · 134 participants	Very low
Complete cure for itraconazole vs terbinafine Proportion of participants with complete cure · children infected with Trichophyton Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.93 [0.72, 1.19]	2 studies · 160 participants	Low
Complete cure for ketoconazole vs griseofulvin Proportion of participants with complete cure · children infected with Trichophyton Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.76	1 study · 62 participants	Low
Minoxidil vs placebo The proportion of participants with self‐rated clinically significant hair regrowth at the end of the study · women with FPHL Interventions for female pattern hair loss (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.93 [1.51, 2.47]	6 studies · 1148 participants	Moderate
Minoxidil 2% vs minoxidil 5% Change in quality of life · women with FPHL Interventions for female pattern hair loss (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 209 participants	Low
Minoxidil 2% vs minoxidil 5% Adverse events · women with FPHL Interventions for female pattern hair loss (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.02 [0.91, 1.2]	4 studies · 1006 participants	Low