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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,956 questions in 143 reviews · Musculoskeletal
current versionsNo studies 555 · 28.4%Ungraded 107 · 5.5%Very low 255 · 13%Low 555 · 28.4%Moderate 357 · 18.3%High 127 · 6.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Boswellia serrata vs valdecoxib Adverse events Participants (n) reported serious adverse events · patients with treating osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 66 participants | Ungraded |
Boswellia serrata vs valdecoxib Radiographic joint changes · patients with treating osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Boswellia serrata vs valdecoxib Quality of life · patients with treating osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain Global pain VAS 0‐100 (higher scores mean worse) · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 651 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Function Multiple tools4 · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 642 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Adverse events Participants (n) reported adverse events · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 1.04 [0.97, 1.12] | 5 studies · 1050 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Adverse events Participants (n) withdrew due to adverse effects · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 1.14 [0.73, 1.8] | 1 study · 398 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Adverse events Participants (n) withdrew due to adverse effects · patients with treating osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Adverse events Participants (n) reported serious adverse events · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 1.22 [0.94, 1.59] | 1 study · 398 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Radiographic joint changes Change in Joint Space Width (JSW) from baseline (higher scores mean worse). · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 453 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Quality of life · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain Global pain VAS 0‐100 (higher scores mean worse) · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 156 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Function Lequesne algofunctional index 0‐24 (higher scores mean worse) · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 156 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Adverse events Participants (n) reported adverse events · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.66, 1.74] | 1 study · 174 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Adverse events Participants (n) withdrew due to adverse effects · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 174 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Adverse events Participants (n) reported serious adverse events · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 174 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Radiographic joint changes · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Quality of life · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse events Participants (n) reported serious adverse events · patients with treating osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Persea gratissma + Glycine max (ASU 300 mg) vs chondroitin sulphate Pain WOMAC‐VAS (Pain) (higher scores mean worse) · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 357 participants | Low |
Persea gratissma + Glycine max (ASU 300 mg) vs chondroitin sulphate Function WOMAC‐VAS (Function) (higher scores mean worse) · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 357 participants | Low |
Persea gratissma + Glycine max (ASU 300 mg) vs chondroitin sulphate Adverse events Participants (n) reported adverse events · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.86 [0.59, 1.26] | 1 study · 357 participants | Low |
Persea gratissma + Glycine max (ASU 300 mg) vs chondroitin sulphate Adverse events Participants (n) withdrew due to adverse effects · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 357 participants | Ungraded |
Persea gratissma + Glycine max (ASU 300 mg) vs chondroitin sulphate Adverse events Participants (n) reported serious adverse events · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 2.92 [0.31, 27.78] | 1 study · 357 participants | Low |
Persea gratissma + Glycine max (ASU 300 mg) vs chondroitin sulphate Radiographic joint changes · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Persea gratissma + Glycine max (ASU 300 mg) vs chondroitin sulphate Quality of life · patients with osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Radiographic joint changes · patients with treating osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Quality of life · patients with treating osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain Global pain VAS 0‐100 (higher scores mean worse) · patients with treating osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 85 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Function WOMAC‐VAS (Function) · patients with treating osteoarthritis Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 85 participants | Moderate |
Oral or transdermal opioids vs placebo Pain intensity Various pain scales. (median · participants with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip Oral or transdermal opioids for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 22 studies · 8275 participants | High |
Oral or transdermal opioids vs placebo Function Various validated function scales. (median · participants with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip Oral or transdermal opioids for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 12 studies · 3553 participants | High |
Oral or transdermal opioids vs placebo Number of participants experiencing any adverse event (median · participants with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip Oral or transdermal opioids for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip (2014) · Cochrane | RR 1.49 [1.35, 1.63] | 9 studies · 4898 participants | Moderate |
Oral or transdermal opioids vs placebo Number of participants who withdrew because of adverse events (median · participants with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip Oral or transdermal opioids for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip (2014) · Cochrane | RR 3.76 [2.93, 4.82] | 19 studies · 7712 participants | High |
Oral or transdermal opioids vs placebo Number of participants experiencing any serious adverse event (median · participants with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip Oral or transdermal opioids for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip (2014) · Cochrane | RR 3.35 [0.83, 13.56] | 3 studies · 681 participants | Low |
Oral or transdermal opioids vs placebo Withdrawal symptoms (median · participants with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip Oral or transdermal opioids for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip (2014) · Cochrane | OR 2.67 [2.02, 3.77] | 3 studies · 1151 participants | Moderate |
Preoperative education vs usual care Pain Visual analogue scale. Scale from: 0 to 10 (lower scores indicate less pain). · hip replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 227 participants | Low |
Preoperative education vs usual care Health‐related quality of life SF‐36 Physical Component Score. Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher scores indicate better quality of life). · people with knee replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 109 participants | Low |
Preoperative education vs usual care Global assessment of treatment success · people with knee replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Preoperative education vs usual care Postoperative anxiety · people with knee replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Preoperative education vs usual care Total number of serious adverse events (infection, thrombosis, other serious adverse events · people with knee replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.69 [0.29, 1.66] | 1 study · 115 participants | Low |
Preoperative education vs usual care Re‐operation rate · people with knee replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Preoperative education vs usual care Function WOMAC function (Likert scale version). Scale from: 0 to 68 (lower scores indicate better function). · hip replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 177 participants | Low |
Preoperative education vs usual care Health‐related quality of life · hip replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Preoperative education vs usual care Global assessment of treatment success · hip replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Preoperative education vs usual care Postoperative anxiety Spielberger State‐Trait Anxiety Index. Scale from: 20 to 80 (lower scores indicated less anxiety). · hip replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 264 participants | Low |
Preoperative education vs usual care Total number of serious adverse events (infection, thrombosis, other serious adverse events) · hip replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.79 [0.19, 3.21] | 2 studies · 150 participants | Very low |
Preoperative education vs usual care Re‐operation rate · hip replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Preoperative education vs usual care Pain WOMAC pain. Scale from: 0 to 100 (lower scores indicate less pain). · people with knee replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 109 participants | Low |
Preoperative education vs usual care Function WOMAC function. Scale from: 0 to 100 (lower scores indicate better function). · people with knee replacement Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 109 participants | Low |