Vitamin C vs placebo
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
- RR 1.03 [0.94, 1.13]2 studies · 14953 participantsHigh
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin A showed no clear difference in mortality: lung cancer compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in mortality: lung cancer compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin E leads to higher adverse events: haemorrhagic stroke compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in mortality: all causes compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin A leads to higher adverse events: yellowing of the skin compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin A leads to higher adverse events: minor gastrointestinal symptoms compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin A showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin A showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin A leads to higher mortality: all causes ‐ smokers and asbestos workers compared with placebo (high certainty).
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer ‐ men compared with placebo (high certainty).
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes ulcer healing (absolute change in individual parameters of ulcer… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes ulcer healing (absolute change in individual parameters of ulcer… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes ulcer healing (absolute change in individual parameters of ulcer… compared with placebo (very low certainty).