What do systematic reviews say?

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

Bisphosphonate showed no clear difference in fracture compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.62 [0.38, 1.01]
  13 studies · 765 participants
  Low

Vitamin D vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes death (all causes) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.49 [0.03, 9.22]
  3 studies · 232 participants
  Very low

Vitamin D vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes cardiovascular death compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.57 [0.04, 7.57]
  3 studies · 232 participants
  Very low

Vitamin D vs placebo or no treatment

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 40 participants
  Very low

Vitamin D vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes graft loss compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.11 [0.01, 2.01]
  3 studies · 220 participants
  Very low

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

Bisphosphonate may leads to lower acute graft rejection compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.7 [0.55, 0.89]
  7 studies · 470 participants
  Low

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether bisphosphonate changes death (all causes) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.34, 2.8]
  10 studies · 597 participants
  Very low

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether bisphosphonate changes cardiovascular death compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.58]
  3 studies · 150 participants
  Very low

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

Bisphosphonate may leads to lower bone pain compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.2 [0.04, 0.93]
  3 studies · 153 participants
  Low

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether bisphosphonate changes spinal deformity compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.58 [0.26, 1.31]
  1 study · 72 participants
  Very low

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether bisphosphonate changes hypocalcaemia compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 5.59 [1, 31.06]
  4 studies · 207 participants
  Very low

Vitamin D vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes fracture compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.1, 8.94]
  5 studies · 299 participants
  Very low

Vitamin D vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes acute graft rejection compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.52, 1.86]
  5 studies · 385 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Sevelamer vs placebo or usual care

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Sevelamer changes death (all causes) compared with placebo/usual care (very low certainty).

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.16 [0.2, 22.8]
  3 studies · 248 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs placebo or usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs placebo or usual care

Summary of findings: Lanthanum may leads to higher nausea compared with placebo/usual care (low certainty).

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.72 [1.36, 10.18]
  4 studies · 383 participants
  Low

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs placebo or usual care

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Lanthanum changes vomiting compared with placebo/usual care (very low certainty).

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.76 [0.41, 18.63]
  3 studies · 261 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs placebo or usual care

Summary of findings: Lanthanum probably leads to higher constipation compared with placebo/usual care (moderate certainty).

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.98 [1.21, 7.3]
  4 studies · 299 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs placebo or usual care

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 171 participants
  Low

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs placebo or usual care

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 38 participants
  Very low