Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

541 questions · 556 findings · 112 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 130 · 23.4%GRADE not reported 22 · 4%Very low 156 · 28.1%Low 151 · 27.2%Moderate 72 · 12.9%High 25 · 4.5%

Intervention not reported

Communication and language skills: expressive language Measured by: standardized measures of expressive language (higher scores indicate better expressive language skills) · patients with young children (less than six years old) with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Communication and language skills: receptive language Measured by: standardized measures of receptive language (higher scores indicate better receptive language skills) · patients with young children (less than six years old) with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
1 finding from 1 review

Protocol‐directed sedation management vs usual care

ICU mortality · mechanically ventilated ICU adults and children requiring sedation management

Protocol‐directed sedation management showed no clear difference in ICU mortality compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Protocol‐directed sedation management vs usual care

Hospital mortality · mechanically ventilated ICU adults and children requiring sedation management

Protocol‐directed sedation management showed no clear difference in hospital mortality compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Protocol‐directed sedation management vs usual care

Adverse event ‐ incidence of self‐extubation (in ICU) · mechanically ventilated ICU adults and children requiring sedation management

Protocol‐directed sedation management showed no clear difference in adverse event ‐ incidence of self‐extubation (in ICU) compared with usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Protocol‐directed sedation management vs usual care

Adverse event ‐ incidence of reintubation (in ICU) · mechanically ventilated ICU adults and children requiring sedation management

Protocol‐directed sedation management showed no clear difference in adverse event ‐ incidence of reintubation (in ICU) compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Protocol‐directed sedation management vs usual care

Incidence of tracheostomy (in ICU) · mechanically ventilated ICU adults and children requiring sedation management

Protocol‐directed sedation management showed no clear difference in incidence of tracheostomy (in ICU) compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Physical and cognitive therapy vs usual care

Duration of ICU stay · critically ill patients 18 years or older treated for respiratory failure or septic or both, cardiogenic or haemorrhagic shock who resided…

It is very uncertain whether physical and cognitive therapy changes length of ICU stay (days) compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Physical and cognitive therapy vs usual care

Cognitive functioning b) Executve functioning (DEX score) (scores range from 0 to 80. Lower scores indicate better functioning) (DEX) · critically ill patients 18 years or older treated for respiratory failure or septic or both, cardiogenic or haemorrhagic shock who resided…
1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs placebo

In‐hospital mortality within 28 days. · critically ill patients 18 years or older demanding mechanical ventilation within the first 72 hours (Page 2013) or anticipated needing…

Haloperidol showed no clear difference in in‐hospital mortality within 28 days. compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review