Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,230 questions · 1,303 findings · 326 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 73 · 5.6%GRADE not reported 21 · 1.6%Very low 497 · 38.1%Low 403 · 30.9%Moderate 245 · 18.8%High 64 · 4.9%

Primary health professional‐led or collaborative care vs usual or enhanced care

Quality of life ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) SF‐36 social functioning (higher score = higher quality of life) · women with perinatal depression

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led collaborative care interventions changes quality of life ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual or enhanced care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Severity of CMD symptoms (including anxiety and depression) ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) Measured by PHQ‐9a,d,f; SRQ‐20b (higher score, higher severity) · adults with common mental disorders
1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

PTS symptoms ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) PCL‐5a,d,e; PCL‐6f; Post‐traumatic Stress Diagnostic Scaleb (higher score = higher severity) · adults with post‐traumatic stress and CMDs
1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Depression symptoms ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) GHQ‐12a; PHQ‐9d,e,f; self‐reporting questionnaireh (higher score = higher severity) · adults with post‐traumatic stress and CMDs
1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Quality of life ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) EQ‐5Di; SF‐36c,m; WHOQOL‐BREFe,j,n (higher score = better quality of life) · adults with post‐traumatic stress and CMDs
1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Severity of PTSD symptoms · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led psychological interventions changes PTS symptoms (1 to 6 months post intervention) Harvard Trauma… compared with usual or no care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Depression symptoms (1 to 6 months post intervention) Hopkins Symptom Checklist ‐ depression (higher score = higher severity) · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led psychological interventions changes depression symptoms (1 to 6 months post intervention) Hopkins… compared with usual or no care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Functional impairment · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led psychological interventions changes functional impairment (1 to 6 months post intervention) Locally… compared with usual or no care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Functional impairment ‐ not measured · adults with common mental disorders

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions showed no clear difference in functional impairment/disability ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐ vs enhanced usual care

Clinical recovery ‐ harmful or dependent alcohol use (1 to 6 months post intervention) Defined by AUDIT score < 8 (RR > 1 denotes higher likelihood of recovery) · adult patients with alcohol dependence

It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led interventions changes clinical recovery ‐ harmful or dependent alcohol use (1 to 6 months… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐ vs enhanced usual care

Service utilisation ‐ Unplanned hospitalisation in past 12 months (RR > 1 denotes higher risk of hospitalisation) · adult patients with alcohol dependence

It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led interventions changes service utilisation ‐ Unplanned hospitalisation in past 12 months… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐ vs enhanced usual care

Adverse events ‐ death in past 12 months (RR > 1 denotes higher risk of death) · adult patients with alcohol dependence

It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led interventions changes adverse events ‐ death in past 12 months (RR > 1 denotes higher risk… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐ vs specialist‐led care

Caregiver burden · people with severe mental disorders

Lay health worker‐ showed no clear difference in caregiver burden symptom severity ‐ immediately post intervention… compared with specialist‐led care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review