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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

567 questions · 573 findings · 37 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 89 · 15.5%GRADE not reported 156 · 27.2%Very low 140 · 24.4%Low 127 · 22.2%Moderate 47 · 8.2%High 14 · 2.4%

Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs serratus anterior plane block

Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia

Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block showed no clear difference in rates of block‐related adverse events compared with serratus anterior plane block (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs intercostal nerve block

Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block changes rates of block‐related adverse events compared with intercostal nerve block (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs paravertebral block

Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia

Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block probably leads to lower rates of block‐related adverse events compared with paravertebral block (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs transversus abdominis plane block

Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia

Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block showed no clear difference in rates of block‐related adverse events compared with transversus abdominis plane block (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrous oxide vs carbon dioxide

Cardiopulmonary complications · people undergoing laparoscopic general abdominal or gynaecological pelvic surgery under general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitrous oxide changes cardiopulmonary complications compared with carbon dioxide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Helium vs carbon dioxide

Pneumoperitoneum‐related serious adverse events · people undergoing laparoscopic general abdominal or gynaecological pelvic surgery under general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether helium changes pneumoperitoneum‐related serious adverse events compared with carbon dioxide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review