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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,678 questions · 4,859 findings · 283 reviews

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No studies found 1,225 · 25.2%GRADE not reported 215 · 4.4%Very low 1,241 · 25.5%Low 1,210 · 24.9%Moderate 776 · 16%High 192 · 4%

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with SCC of the esophagus

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 6): chemotherapy or… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Progression‐free survival · palliative participants with SCC of the esophagus

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 6): chemotherapy or… changes progression‐free survival compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Toxicity · palliative participants with SCC of the esophagus

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 6): chemotherapy or… changes toxicity compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Three‐ to five‐minute wait between paracervical block injection and cervical dilation vs no wait between paracervical block injection and cervical dilation

Pain during procedure ‐ not measured · people requesting a surgical abortion at less than 11 weeks' gestation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review