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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,756 questions · 13,493 findings · 1,305 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 2,594 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 728 · 5.4%Very low 2,868 · 21.3%Low 3,777 · 28%Moderate 2,620 · 19.4%High 906 · 6.7%

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Vitamin A vs placebo

Incidence: all cancers · healthy people and healthy male physicians

Vitamin A showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A vs placebo

Mortality: all cancers · healthy people and healthy male physicians

Vitamin A showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A vs placebo

Mortality: all causes ‐ smokers and asbestos workers · healthy people and healthy male physicians

Vitamin A leads to higher mortality: all causes ‐ smokers and asbestos workers compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Incidence: lung cancer · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Incidence: lung cancer ‐ men · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer ‐ men compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 vs placebo

Diarrhoea · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation changes adverse events: diarrhoea compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 vs placebo

FEV1 % predicted · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation changes FEV1 % predicted compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 vs placebo

FVC · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation changes FVC % predicted compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 vs placebo

Z score BMI · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation changes growth and nutrition: BMI SD score compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rituximab vs placebo or control

Relapse · SSNS in children

Rituximab probably leads to lower relapses at 6 months compared with placebo or control (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review