Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,721 questions · 19,640 findings · 2,039 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 3,754 · 19.1%GRADE not reported 1,273 · 6.5%Very low 4,859 · 24.7%Low 5,568 · 28.4%Moderate 3,240 · 16.5%High 946 · 4.8%

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Peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis (caesarean): LMWH vs UFH

Symptomatic PE · women giving birth by elective or emergency caesarean (elective or emergency (1 trial), elective cesarean only (1 trial),…

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 217 participants
Very low

Peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis (caesarean): LMWH vs UFH

Symptomatic DVT · women giving birth by elective or emergency caesarean (elective or emergency (1 trial), elective cesarean only (1 trial),…

It is very uncertain whether peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis (caesarean): LMWH changes symptomatic DVT (timing of assessment unclear, within 6 weeks… compared with UFH (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.99]
3 studies · 217 participants
Very low

Peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis (caesarean): LMWH vs UFH

Adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment · women giving birth by elective or emergency caesarean (elective or emergency (1 trial), elective cesarean only (1 trial),…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Postnatal prophylaxis: LMWH vs no treatment/placebo

Maternal death · women at increased risk of VTE in the early postpartum period

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 24 participants
Very low

Postnatal prophylaxis: LMWH vs no treatment/placebo

Symptomatic thromboembolic events ( · women at increased risk of VTE in the early postpartum period

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 58 participants
Very low

Postnatal prophylaxis: LMWH vs no treatment/placebo

Symptomatic PE · women at increased risk of VTE in the early postpartum period

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 58 participants
Very low

Postnatal prophylaxis: LMWH vs no treatment/placebo

Symptomatic DVT · women at increased risk of VTE in the early postpartum period

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 58 participants
Very low

Postnatal prophylaxis: LMWH vs no treatment/placebo

Adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment · women at increased risk of VTE in the early postpartum period

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Antibiotics prior to long‐term CVC insertion versus control: catheter‐related infections · adults and children diagnosed with an oncologic disease with a newly‐inserted long‐term CVC who were at risk of neutropenia due to…

The intervention showed no clear difference in antibiotics prior to long‐term CVC insertion versus control:… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing gram‐positive infections associated with long‐term central venous catheters in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Risk ratio 0.67 [0.32, 1.43]
5 studies · 648 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Antibiotic versus heparin only lock/flush solution: catheter‐related infections · adults and children diagnosed with an oncologic disease with a newly‐inserted long‐term CVC who were at risk of neutropenia due to…

The intervention probably leads to lower antibiotic versus heparin only lock/flush solution: catheter‐related… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing gram‐positive infections associated with long‐term central venous catheters in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Rate ratio 0.47 [0.26, 0.85]
5 studies · 443 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Antibiotic versus heparin only lock/flush solution: adverse events · adults and children diagnosed with an oncologic disease with a newly‐inserted long‐term CVC who were at risk of neutropenia due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing gram‐positive infections associated with long‐term central venous catheters in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 300 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo

Incidence of S pneumoniae infection Isolated bacterial infection · children with SCD

Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis may leads to lower incidence of S pneumoniae infection Isolated bacterial infection compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.37 [0.16, 0.86]
2 studies · 457 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation

Antibiotic‐resistant organisms isolated · children with SCD who have been receiving prophylactic penicillin for at least two years

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 400 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation

Requirement of other courses of antibiotics · children with SCD who have been receiving prophylactic penicillin for at least two years

Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis showed no clear difference in requirement of other courses of antibiotics compared with continuation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.94 [0.55, 1.61]
1 study · 400 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation

Compliance with treatment · children with SCD who have been receiving prophylactic penicillin for at least two years

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo

Deaths · children with SCD

Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis showed no clear difference in deaths compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.11 [0.01, 2.11]
2 studies · 457 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo

Adverse effects · children with SCD

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 457 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo

Antibiotic‐resistant organisms isolated · children with SCD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo

Requirement of other courses of antibiotics · children with SCD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo

Compliance with treatment · children with SCD

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 215 participants
Low