Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,289 questions · 2,331 findings · 195 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 480 · 20.6%GRADE not reported 288 · 12.4%Very low 467 · 20%Low 630 · 27%Moderate 338 · 14.5%High 128 · 5.5%

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Fetal/neonatal/infant · the fetus/neonate/infant

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroid showed no clear difference in A1: Fetal or neonatal or infant death (< 1 year of age) – all… compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Respiratory distress syndrome · the fetus/neonate/infant

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroid leads to lower A5: Respiratory distress syndrome – all fetuses randomised compared with single course (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

A7: Severe lung disease – all fetuses randomised · the fetus/neonate/infant

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroid probably leads to lower A7: Severe lung disease – all fetuses randomised compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Chronic lung disease · the fetus/neonate/infant

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroid showed no clear difference in A8: Chronic lung disease – all fetuses randomised compared with single course (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · the fetus/neonate/infant

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroid showed no clear difference in A9: Severe intraventricular haemorrhage (grade 3 or 4) – all fetuses… compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Necrotising enterocolitis · the fetus/neonate/infant

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroid showed no clear difference in A11: Necrotising enterocolitis – all fetuses randomised compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

A12: Composite of serious outcomes– all fetuses randomised · the fetus/neonate/infant

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroid probably leads to lower A12: Composite of serious outcomes– all fetuses randomised compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

B3: Caesarean section – an all women · the woman

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in B3: Caesarean section – an all women compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

C1: Total deaths (after randomisation) up to early childhood · the child

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in C1: Total deaths (after randomisation) up to early childhood compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

C2: Neurodevelopmental impairment at early childhood · the child

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in C2: Neurodevelopmental impairment at early childhood compared with single course (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

C3: Survival free of neurodevelopmental impairment at early childhood · the child

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in C3: Survival free of neurodevelopmental impairment at early childhood compared with single course (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

C4: Survival free of major neurodevelopmental impairment atearly childhood · the child

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in C4: Survival free of major neurodevelopmental impairment atearly… compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

D1: Total deaths (after randomisation) up to mid‐ to later childhood · the child

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in D1: Total deaths (after randomisation) up to mid‐ to later childhood compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

D2: Neurocognitive impairment atmid‐ to later childhood · the child

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in D2: Neurocognitive impairment atmid‐ to later childhood compared with single course (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

D3: Survival free of neurocognitive impairment atmid‐ to later childhood · the child

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in D3: Survival free of neurocognitive impairment atmid‐ to later… compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review