Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

764 questions · 795 findings · 110 reviews

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No studies found 202 · 25.4%GRADE not reported 100 · 12.6%Very low 225 · 28.3%Low 155 · 19.5%Moderate 85 · 10.7%High 28 · 3.5%

Intervention not reported

Disabilty ‐ not measured · patients with chronic (>6 months) lateral elbow pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Adverse events ‐ not measured · patients with chronic (>6 months) lateral elbow pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Disability DASH scale. Scale from: 0 to 100. ( · patients with chronic (>12 months) lateral elbow pain

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 47 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Adverse events ‐ not measured · patients with chronic (>12 months) lateral elbow pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Pain‐ short term VAS scale. Scale from: 0 to 10. ( · patients with lateral elbow pain

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 24 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Pain‐ long term VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10. ( · patients with lateral elbow pain

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 24 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Disability Mayo Elbow Performance. Scale from: 0 to 100. ( · patients with lateral elbow pain

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 24 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with lateral elbow pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Pain ‐ not reported · patients with chronic (mean 23 months) lateral elbow pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Disability ‐ not measured · patients with chronic (mean 23 months) lateral elbow pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Any CNTF vs placebo

Deaths · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

Any CNTF showed no clear difference in deaths compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07 [0.81, 1.41]
2 studies · 1300 participants
High

Any CNTF vs placebo

Muscle strength · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1300 participants
High

Any CNTF vs placebo

FVC (% predicted) Change from baseline · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1300 participants
High

Changes in quality of life (SIP) change in Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) scores (range from 0 = best health to 100 = worst health). · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 503 participants
High

Any CNTF vs placebo

Asthenia · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

Any CNTF showed no clear difference in asthenia compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.81, 1.28]
1 study · 570 participants
High

Any CNTF vs placebo

Nausea · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

Any CNTF showed no clear difference in nausea compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.35 [0.92, 1.99]
1 study · 570 participants
High

Any CNTF vs placebo

Increased salivation · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

Any CNTF showed no clear difference in increased salivation compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.78, 1.5]
1 study · 570 participants
High

Started toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste at or before 12 months (earlier start) vs Started after 12 months (later start)

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

It is very uncertain whether started toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste at or before 12… changes fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with started after 12 months (later start) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Topical fluoride as a cause of dental fluorosis in children 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Fluorosis assessed when most permanent teeth of interest had erupted (6 to 18 years)
OR 0.83 [0.41, 1.67]
1 study · 134 participants
Very low
Topical fluoride as a cause of dental fluorosis in children 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Fluorosis assessed when most permanent teeth of interest had erupted (6 to 18 years)
RR 0.98 [0.81, 1.18]
2 studies · 260 participants
Very low

Started toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste before 4 years (earlier start) vs Started after 4 years (later start)

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

It is very uncertain whether started toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste before 4 years… changes fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with started after 4 years (later start) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical fluoride as a cause of dental fluorosis in children 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Fluorosis assessed when most permanent teeth of interest had erupted (6 to 18 years)
OR 1.60 [0.77, 3.35]
2 studies · 1484 participants
Very low

Started toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste before 24 months (earlier start) vs Started after 24 months (later start)

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

It is very uncertain whether started toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste before 24 months… changes fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with started after 24 months (later start) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical fluoride as a cause of dental fluorosis in children 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Fluorosis assessed when most permanent teeth of interest had erupted (6 to 18 years)
OR 2.25 [1.19, 4.23]
6 studies · 1223 participants
Very low