What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

• Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to combination long‐acting beta₂‐agonists and inhaled corticosteroids… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 1191 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to combination long‐acting beta₂‐agonists and inhaled corticosteroids… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 907 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to lower any adverse events 49 weeks (high certainty).

• Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to combination long‐acting beta₂‐agonists and inhaled corticosteroids… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.7 [0.52, 0.94]
  3 studies · 1197 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in number of participants with exacerbations requiring systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.7, 1.28]
  12 studies · 1669 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (moderate certainty).

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.54 [0.81, 2.94]
  7 studies · 1343 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in total number of withdrawals (moderate certainty).

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.67, 1.37]
  7 studies · 1491 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 526 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 1283 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in total number of adverse events (high certainty).

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.92, 1.1]
  6 studies · 1254 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in number of participants with exacerbations requiring hospitalisation (moderate certainty).

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.74 [0.9, 3.36]
  6 studies · 1292 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (moderate certainty).

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.17 [0.75, 1.85]
  16 studies · 4022 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention may leads to lower total number of withdrawals (low certainty).

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.8 [0.67, 0.94]
  23 studies · 4374 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 1942 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  16 studies · 3934 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in total number of adverse events (moderate certainty).

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.98, 1.1]
  15 studies · 3284 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in number of participants with exacerbations requiring systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.69 [0.85, 3.32]
  3 studies · 581 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in number of participants with exacerbations requiring hospitalisation (moderate certainty).

• Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.9 [0.65, 5.54]
  4 studies · 1008 participants
  Moderate

Intermittent ICS vs placebo

Intermittent ICS showed no clear difference in exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids ‐ School‐age children compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Intermittent inhaled corticosteroid therapy versus placebo for persistent asthma in children and adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.57 [0.29, 1.12]
  1 study · 145 participants
  Low

Intermittent ICS vs placebo

• Intermittent inhaled corticosteroid therapy versus placebo for persistent asthma in children and adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 143 participants
  Low

Intermittent ICS vs placebo

• Intermittent inhaled corticosteroid therapy versus placebo for persistent asthma in children and adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 364 participants
  Moderate