Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,587 questions · 5,761 findings · 495 reviews

No studies found 1,011 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 1,797 · 31.2%Very low 1,100 · 19.1%Low 1,052 · 18.3%Moderate 649 · 11.3%High 152 · 2.6%

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Any supplements containing iron vs same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or placebo)

Preterm birth · pregnant women

(Infant outcomes) Any supplements containing iron showed no clear difference in preterm birth (less than 37 weeks of gestation) (ALL) compared with same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplements containing iron vs same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or placebo)

Neonatal death (death within the first 28 days of life) · pregnant women

(Infant outcomes) Any supplements containing iron showed no clear difference in neonatal death (within 28 days after delivery) (ALL) compared with same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplements containing iron vs same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or placebo)

Any congenital anomalies · pregnant women

(Infant outcomes) Any supplements containing iron showed no clear difference in congenital anomalies (ALL) compared with same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplements containing iron vs same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or placebo)

Maternal anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L at 37 weeks' gestation or more) (ALL) · pregnant women

(Maternal outcomes) Any supplements containing iron may leads to lower maternal anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L at 37 weeks'… compared with same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplements containing iron vs same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or placebo)

Iron deficiency at term (as defined by trialists, based on any indicator of iron status at 37 wk gestation or more) · pregnant women

(Maternal outcomes) Any supplements containing iron may leads to lower maternal iron deficiency at term (as defined by as defined by… compared with same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplements containing iron vs same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or placebo)

Maternal death · pregnant women

It is very uncertain whether (Maternal outcomes) Any supplements containing iron changes maternal death (death while pregnant or within 42 days of… compared with same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplements containing iron vs same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or placebo)

Side effects (any reported throughout the intervention period) (ALL) · pregnant women

It is very uncertain whether (Maternal outcomes) Any supplements containing iron changes side effects (any reported throughout the intervention period) (ALL) compared with same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

At least 50% of maximum pain relief over 4 to 6 hours · Adults with acute pain

The intervention leads to higher at least 50% of maximum pain relief over 4 to 6 hours (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Participants remedicating within 8 hours · Adults with acute pain

The intervention leads to lower participants remedicating within 8 hours (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Participants with at least 1 adverse event (all diclofenac potassium doses, 25 mg to 100 mg) · Adults with acute pain

The intervention showed no clear difference in participants with at least 1 adverse event (all diclofenac potassium… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review