Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,749 questions · 14,273 findings · 834 reviews

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No studies found 3,655 · 25.6%GRADE not reported 2,115 · 14.8%Very low 3,646 · 25.5%Low 3,034 · 21.3%Moderate 1,503 · 10.5%High 320 · 2.2%

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Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Blindness · newborn children

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Any adverse visual outcome · newborn children

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Gonococcal conjunctivitis · newborn children

It is very uncertain whether any prophylaxis changes gonococcal conjunctivitis compared with no prophylaxis (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.79 [0.24, 2.65]
3 studies · 8229 participants
Very low

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Chlamydial conjunctivitis · newborn children

Any prophylaxis showed no clear difference in chlamydial conjunctivitis compared with no prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.57, 1.61]
2 studies · 4874 participants
Low

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Bacterial conjunctivitis · newborn children

Any prophylaxis showed no clear difference in bacterial conjunctivitis compared with no prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.37, 1.93]
2 studies · 3685 participants
Low

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Any conjunctivitis of any aetiology · newborn children

Any prophylaxis probably leads to lower any conjunctivitis of any aetiology compared with no prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.65 [0.54, 0.78]
8 studies · 9666 participants
Moderate

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Conjunctivitis of unknown aetiology · newborn children

It is very uncertain whether any prophylaxis changes conjunctivitis of unknown aetiology compared with no prophylaxis (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.75 [0.37, 8.28]
1 study · 330 participants
Very low

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Adverse effects · newborn children

It is very uncertain whether any prophylaxis changes adverse effects compared with no prophylaxis (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.93
1993 participants
Very low

Alarm vs control or no treatment

Mean number of wet nights a week · children with nocturnal enuresis

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 127 participants
Low

Alarm vs other types of alarm

Proportion of children dry at · children with nocturnal enuresis

It is very uncertain whether alarm changes proportion of children dry at compared with other types of alarm (very low certainty).

7 findings from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.5, 1.64]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.7 [0.37, 1.35]
2 studies · 59 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3 [0.74, 12.21]
1 study · 26 participants
Very low

Show 4 more findings

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.93 [0.56, 1.53]
2 studies · 48 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.17 [0.56, 2.45]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.47, 1.71]
2 studies · 40 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.79, 1.05]
1 study · 353 participants
Moderate

Alarm vs other types of alarm

Proportion of children achieving 14 consecutive dry nights by the end of treatment · children with nocturnal enuresis

It is very uncertain whether alarm changes proportion of children achieving 14 consecutive dry nights by the… compared with other types of alarm (very low certainty).

8 findings from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.06 [0.82, 1.36]
3 studies · 86 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.88 [0.97, 3.63]
2 studies · 62 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.94 [0.79, 1.13]
3 studies · 78 participants
Very low

Show 5 more findings

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.79, 1.27]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.89, 1.99]
2 studies · 40 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.68 [0.45, 1.01]
1 study · 47 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.11 [0.97, 1.27]
1 study · 353 participants
Moderate
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.67, 1.5]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Alarm vs other types of alarm

Mean number of wet nights a week · children with nocturnal enuresis

2 findings from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 36 participants
Very low
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 30 participants
Very low

Alarm vs control or no treatment

Proportion of children achieving 14 consecutive dry nights by the end of treatment · children with nocturnal enuresis

Alarm may leads to higher proportion of children achieving 14 consecutive dry nights by the… compared with control or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 7.23 [1.4, 37.33]
18 studies · 827 participants
Low

Alarm vs other types of alarm

Proportion of children with adverse events ‐ bell and pad alarm vs electric shock alarm · children with nocturnal enuresis

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 36 participants
GRADE not reported

Alarm vs other types of alarm

Proportion of children with adverse events ‐ code‐word alarm versus control alarm · children with nocturnal enuresis

Alarm showed no clear difference in proportion of children with adverse events ‐ code‐word alarm versus… compared with other types of alarm (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.34 [0.75, 2.38]
1 study · 353 participants
Moderate

Alarm vs control or no treatment

Proportion of children dry at · children with nocturnal enuresis

Alarm may leads to higher proportion of children dry at compared with control or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 9.67 [4.74, 19.76]
10 studies · 366 participants
Low

Alarm vs desmopressin

Mean number of wet nights a week · children with nocturnal enuresis

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 285 participants
Low

Alarm vs desmopressin

Proportion of children achieving 14 consecutive dry nights by the end of treatment · children with nocturnal enuresis

Alarm showed no clear difference in proportion of children achieving 14 consecutive dry nights by the… compared with desmopressin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [0.93, 1.36]
12 studies · 1168 participants
Low

Alarm vs desmopressin

Proportion of children dry at · children with nocturnal enuresis

Alarm showed no clear difference in proportion of children dry at compared with desmopressin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.3 [0.92, 1.84]
5 studies · 565 participants
Moderate

Alarm vs desmopressin

Proportion of children with adverse events · children with nocturnal enuresis

Alarm probably leads to lower proportion of children with adverse events compared with desmopressin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.38 [0.2, 0.71]
5 studies · 565 participants
Moderate