Overall mortality · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD)
1 finding from 1 review
Withdrawals due to adverse events · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD)
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrent episodes of HAEC · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD)
Probiotics showed no clear difference in recurrent episodes of HAEC compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events 12 months postintervention · people who smoke
Heated tobacco use showed no clear difference in adverse events – measured by self‐report compared with cigarette smoking (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Smoking cessation – not measured · people who smoke
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events 12 months postintervention · people who smoke
It is very uncertain whether heated tobacco use changes adverse events – measured by self‐report compared with snus use (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events – measured by self‐report and medical records · people who smoke
1 finding from 1 review
NNAL at · people who smoke
It is very uncertain whether heated tobacco use changes NNAL at compared with snus use (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
COHb at · people who smoke
Heated tobacco use showed no clear difference in COHb at compared with snus use (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events – measured by self‐report and medical records · people who smoke
It is very uncertain whether heated tobacco use changes serious adverse events – measured by self‐report and medical records compared with cigarette smoking (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
NNALat · people who smoke
1 finding from 1 review
COHbat · people who smoke
1 finding from 1 review
Smoking cessation – not measured · people who smoke
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events 12 months postintervention · people who smoke
It is very uncertain whether heated tobacco use changes adverse events – measured by self‐report compared with abstinence from tobacco (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events – measured by self‐report and medical records · people who smoke
1 finding from 1 review
NNALat · people who smoke
1 finding from 1 review
COHb at · people who smoke
1 finding from 1 review
Other adverse effects · people with olfactory dysfunction for less than 4 weeks following COVID‐19 infection
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse effects · participants with olfactory dysfunction following COVID‐19 for ≤ 15 days
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Change in sense of smell · participants with olfactory dysfunction following COVID‐19 for ≤ 15 days
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found