Birth weight for gestational age z‐score · pregnant and lactating women, infants, and children
1 finding from 1 review
Mean height‐for‐age z‐score · pregnant and lactating women, infants, and children
1 finding from 1 review
Weight‐for‐length/height z‐score at the end of the intervention Weight scale, measurement boards and child growth reference · pregnant and lactating women, infants, and children
1 finding from 1 review
Unintended effects of agricultural and nutritional education interventions to reduce the aflatoxin intake of infants, children, pregnant and lactating women · pregnant and lactating women, infants, and children
1 finding from 1 review
Mean weight‐for‐age z‐score · pregnant and lactating women, infants, and children
1 finding from 1 review
Instrumented gait analysis (kinematics) (not measured) · children with CP
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Function · children with CP
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 191 participants
Very low
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 199 participants
Very low
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 123 participants
Very low
Range of motion (passive ankle dorsiflexion) · children with CP
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 272 participants
Very low
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 250 participants
Very low
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 186 participants
Very low
Satisfaction (not measured) · children with CP
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
2 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Spasticity (ankle plantarflexors) · children with CP
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 226 participants
Very low
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 258 participants
Very low
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 186 participants
Very low
Adverse events · children with CP
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
3 findings from 1 review
Gait assessment ‐ not measured · children with CP
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
2 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Satisfaction · children with CP
1 finding from 1 review
Instrumented gait analysis (peak ankle dorsiflexion in stance) · children with CP
1 finding from 1 review
Observational gait analysis (improvement) · children with CP
BoNT‐A probably leads to higher observational gait analysis (improvement) compared with placebo or sham (moderate certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Function · children with CP
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 305 participants
Moderate
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 327 participants
Moderate
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 91 participants
Moderate
Range of motion (passive ankle dorsiflexion) · children with CP
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 291 participants
Moderate
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 150 participants
Moderate
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Moderate
Satisfaction · children with CP
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Moderate
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 74 participants
Moderate
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Moderate
Spasticity (ankle plantarflexors) · children with CP
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study · 156 participants
Moderate
no estimate extracted
1 study · 144 participants
Moderate
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Moderate
Adverse events · children with CP
BoNT‐A showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo or sham (moderate certainty).
3 findings from 1 review