Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

510 questions · 513 findings · 62 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 96 · 18.7%GRADE not reported 13 · 2.5%Very low 181 · 35.3%Low 121 · 23.6%Moderate 69 · 13.5%High 33 · 6.4%

Inactivated influenza vaccine vs placebo or no intervention

Fever ‐ not reported · healthy, community‐dwelling children older than 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Inactivated influenza vaccine vs placebo or no intervention

Nausea ‐ not reported · healthy, community‐dwelling children older than 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Inactivated influenza vaccine vs placebo or no intervention

Influenza assessed by laboratory confirmation · healthy, community‐dwelling children older than 2 years of age

Inactivated influenza vaccine leads to lower influenza assessed by laboratory confirmation compared with placebo or do nothing (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.36 [0.28, 0.48]
5 studies · 1628 participants
High

HALOPERIDOL vs placebo

The event rate of intensive care delirium within 28 days. · critically ill patients 18 years or older demanding mechanical ventilation within the first 72 hours (Page 2013) or anticipated needing…

Haloperidol showed no clear difference in the event rate of intensive care delirium within 28 days. compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing intensive care unit delirium in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.87, 1.17]
1 study · 1439 participants
Moderate

HALOPERIDOL vs placebo

In‐hospital mortality within 28 days. · critically ill patients 18 years or older demanding mechanical ventilation within the first 72 hours (Page 2013) or anticipated needing…

Haloperidol showed no clear difference in in‐hospital mortality within 28 days. compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing intensive care unit delirium in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.8, 1.22]
2 studies · 1580 participants
Moderate

Number of delirium ‐ and coma‐free days (within 28 days) measured by CAM‐ICU or ICDSC · critically ill patients 18 years or older demanding mechanical ventilation within the first 72 hours (Page 2013) or anticipated needing…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing intensive care unit delirium in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1580 participants
Moderate

HALOPERIDOL vs placebo

Ventilator‐free days up to day 28 · critically ill patients 18 years or older demanding mechanical ventilation within the first 72 hours (Page 2013) or anticipated needing…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing intensive care unit delirium in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1439 participants
High

HALOPERIDOL vs placebo

Duration of ICU stay · critically ill patients 18 years or older demanding mechanical ventilation within the first 72 hours (Page 2013) or anticipated needing…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing intensive care unit delirium in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1580 participants
High

HALOPERIDOL vs placebo

Cognitive impairment · critically ill patients 18 years or older demanding mechanical ventilation within the first 72 hours (Page 2013) or anticipated needing…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing intensive care unit delirium in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

HALOPERIDOL vs placebo

Adverse events · critically ill patients 18 years or older demanding mechanical ventilation within the first 72 hours (Page 2013) or anticipated needing…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing intensive care unit delirium in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1580 participants
Moderate

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Anaemia · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

It is very uncertain whether provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron… changes anaemia (defined as haemoglobin (Hb) below WHO cut‐off, adjusted for… compared with unfortified maize flours or maize flour products (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.58, 1.4]
2 studies · 1027 participants
Very low

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker of iron status) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

It is very uncertain whether provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron… changes iron deficiency (as defined by trialists, based on a biomarker of… compared with unfortified maize flours or maize flour products (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.49, 1.15]
2 studies · 1102 participants
Very low

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Haemoglobin (g/dL) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 1144 participants
Very low

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Ferritin (µg/L) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 584 participants
Very low

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Any adverse effects (including constipation, nausea, vomiting, heartburn or diarrhoea, as measured by trialists) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Exercise vs usual care

Falls · adults (18 years of age or older at diagnosis) living with and beyond cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for reducing falls in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 223 participants
Very low

Exercise vs usual care

Strength through equipment‐based measures: leg press (kg) strength · adults (18 years of age or older at diagnosis) living with and beyond cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for reducing falls in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 388 participants
Low

Exercise vs usual care

Strength through functional measures; Sit‐to‐Stand Test · adults (18 years of age or older at diagnosis) living with and beyond cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for reducing falls in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 214 participants
Very low

Exercise vs usual care

Flexibility: Sit‐and‐Reach Distance Test (cm) · adults (18 years of age or older at diagnosis) living with and beyond cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for reducing falls in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 21 participants
Very low

Exercise vs usual care

Balance: postural stability · adults (18 years of age or older at diagnosis) living with and beyond cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for reducing falls in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 127 participants
Very low