Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,776 questions · 7,311 findings · 959 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 1,498 · 20.5%GRADE not reported 303 · 4.1%Very low 1,839 · 25.2%Low 1,991 · 27.2%Moderate 1,277 · 17.5%High 403 · 5.5%

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HFNC vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Treatment failure · respiratory support in term infants (infants ≥ 37 weeks gestational age to the end of the neonatal period (up to 1 month postnatal age))

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) changes treatment failure compared with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HFNC vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Duration of any form of respiratory support (any form of non‐invasive respiratory support with or without supplemental oxygen) · respiratory support in term infants (infants ≥ 37 weeks gestational age to the end of the neonatal period (up to 1 month postnatal age))
1 finding from 1 review

HFNC vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Adverse events ‐ nasal trauma · respiratory support in term infants (infants ≥ 37 weeks gestational age to the end of the neonatal period (up to 1 month postnatal age))

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) changes adverse events ‐ nasal trauma compared with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HFNC vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Adverse events ‐ abdominal overdistention · respiratory support in term infants (infants ≥ 37 weeks gestational age to the end of the neonatal period (up to 1 month postnatal age))

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) changes adverse events ‐ abdominal overdistention compared with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets vs balanced‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets

Change in weight (kg) · overweight and obese participants without T2DM (weight‐reducing phase only)
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets vs balanced‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets

Change in weight (kg) · overweight and obese participants with T2DM (weight‐reducing phase only)
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets vs balanced‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets

Weight loss of at least 5% at ≥ 12 months ‐ not measured · overweight and obese participants with T2DM (weight‐reducing phase only)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets changes weight loss of at least 5% at ≥ 12 months compared with balanced‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets vs balanced‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets

Cardiovascular mortality ‐ not measured · overweight and obese participants with T2DM (weight‐reducing phase only)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets vs balanced‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets

Constipation · overweight and obese participants with T2DM (weight‐reducing phase only)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets changes constipation at 3 to < 12 months compared with balanced‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets vs balanced‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets

Number of participants per group with weight loss of at least 5% at ≥ 12 months · overweight and obese participants without T2DM (weight‐reducing phase only)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets changes number of participants per group with weight loss of at least 5% at… compared with balanced‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets vs balanced‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets

Cardiovascular mortality ‐ not measured · overweight and obese participants without T2DM (weight‐reducing phase only)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review