Participants with serious adverse events · adults with mild to severe COVID‐19
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) showed no clear difference in participants with serious adverse events compared with standard care or placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Participants with prolongation of QT‐interval on ECG · adults with mild to severe COVID‐19
It is very uncertain whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) changes participants with prolongation of QT‐interval on ECG compared with standard care or placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Development of confirmed COVID‐19 at 14 days from enrolment · people who have been exposed to SARS‐CoV‐2
It is very uncertain whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) changes development of confirmed COVID‐19 at 14 days from enrolment compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospitalized due to COVID‐19c · people who have been exposed to SARS‐CoV‐2
It is very uncertain whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) changes hospitalized due to COVID‐19c compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Relapse · people with multiple sclerosis
It is very uncertain whether siponimod changes number of participants with relapses at 6 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Disability worsening · people with multiple sclerosis
Siponimod may leads to lower participants with disability worsening at 6 months compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with multiple sclerosis
Siponimod showed no clear difference in number of participants who withdrew due to AEs at 6 months compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Annualised relapse rate · people with multiple sclerosis
Siponimod may leads to lower annualised relapse rate compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mean number of gadolinium‐enhancing lesions on T1‐weighted brain MRI image at 6 months · people with multiple sclerosis
It is very uncertain whether siponimod changes mean number of gadolinium‐enhancing lesions on T1‐weighted brain MRI… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mean number of new lesions or enlarged pre‐existing lesions on T2‐weighted brain MRI images at 6 months · people with multiple sclerosis
Siponimod may leads to lower mean number of new lesions or enlarged pre‐existing lesions on… compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SAEs · people with multiple sclerosis
Siponimod showed no clear difference in number of participants with at least one SAE at 6 months compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cardiovascular mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)
DPP4i showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cardiovascular mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)
GLP‐1RA leads to lower cardiovascular mortality compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)
GLP‐1RA showed no clear difference in myocardial infarction (fatal or non‐fatal) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Fatal or nonfatal stroke · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)
GLP‐1RA leads to lower stroke (fatal or non‐fatal) compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)
GLP‐1RA leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Heart failure hospitalisation (RR) · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)
GLP‐1RA showed no clear difference in hospitalisation for HF compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Worsening kidney function · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)
GLP‐1RA may leads to lower worsening renal function compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypoglycaemia · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)
1 finding from 1 review
Pancreatitis · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)
GLP‐1RA showed no clear difference in pancreatitis compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review