Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo
Blepharospasm‐specific severity ( · adults with blepharospasm
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedModerate
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
4,808 questions · 8,953 findings · 827 reviews · Headline outcomes only
No studies found 1,891 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 380 · 4.2%Very low 2,100 · 23.5%Low 2,449 · 27.4%Moderate 1,684 · 18.8%High 449 · 5%
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Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo
Adverse events (reported at any time) (2 RCT, 169 participants) · adults with blepharospasm
Botulinum toxin type A showed no clear difference in adverse events (reported at any time) (2 RCT, 169 participants) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.18 [0.87, 1.6]Studies not reportedLow
Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo
Subjective evaluation of the treatments by participants · adults with blepharospasm
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedHigh
Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo
Frequency of blepharospasm‐specific involuntary movements ( · adults with blepharospasm
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedLow
Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo
Health‐related quality of life · adults with blepharospasm
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo
Tolerability (number of dropouts; reported at any time) (2 RCT, 169 participants) · adults with blepharospasm
Botulinum toxin type A showed no clear difference in tolerability (number of dropouts; reported at any time) (2 RCT, 169… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.44 [0.31, 6.79]Studies not reportedModerate
Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo
Duration of effect (when effects started to wane) · adults with blepharospasm
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedLow
Vigabatrin vs placebo
50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy
Vigabatrin may leads to higher ≥ 50% reduction in seizure frequency (ITT analysis) Duration of… compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 2.6 [1.87, 3.63]4 studies · 513 participantsLow
Vigabatrin vs placebo
Treatment withdrawal for any reason Duration of treatment (range): 12 (3 months) to 36 weeks · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy
It is very uncertain whether vigabatrin changes treatment withdrawal for any reason Duration of treatment (range):… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 2.86 [1.25, 6.55]4 studies · 370 participantsVery low
Vigabatrin vs placebo
Ataxia · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy
It is very uncertain whether vigabatrin changes adverse effects: ataxia Duration of treatment (range): 7–36 weeks compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 2.76 [0.96, 7.94]7 studies · 481 participantsVery low
Vigabatrin vs placebo
Adverse effects: dizziness, lightheadedness · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy
Vigabatrin may leads to higher adverse effects: dizziness/light‐headedness Duration of treatment… compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.74 [1.05, 2.87]9 studies · 709 participantsLow
Vigabatrin vs placebo
Adverse effect: fatigue · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy
Vigabatrin may leads to higher adverse effects: fatigue Duration of treatment (range): 8–36 weeks compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.65 [1.08, 2.51]9 studies · 709 participantsLow
Vigabatrin vs placebo
Adverse effects: nystagmus Duration of treatment (range): 16–18 weeks · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy
Vigabatrin showed no clear difference in adverse effects: nystagmus Duration of treatment (range): 16–18 weeks compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.53 [0.62, 3.76]2 studies · 357 participantsLow
Vigabatrin vs placebo
Adverse effects: abnormal vision Duration of treatment (range): 8–36 weeks · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy
It is very uncertain whether vigabatrin changes adverse effects: abnormal vision Duration of treatment (range): 8–36… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.64 [0.67, 4.02]5 studies · 430 participantsVery low
Add‐on lamotrigine vs placebo
50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency · people with drug‐resistant generalised tonic‐clonic seizures
Add‐on lamotrigine may leads to higher 50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Lamotrigine add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant generalised tonic‐clonic seizures 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.88 [1.43, 2.45]2 studies · 270 participantsLow
Add‐on lamotrigine vs placebo
Seizure freedom · people with drug‐resistant generalised tonic‐clonic seizures
It is very uncertain whether add‐on lamotrigine changes seizure freedom (i.e. total cessation of seizure activity) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Lamotrigine add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant generalised tonic‐clonic seizures 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.55 [0.89, 2.72]2 studies · 270 participantsVery low
Add‐on lamotrigine vs placebo
Treatment withdrawal · people with drug‐resistant generalised tonic‐clonic seizures
It is very uncertain whether add‐on lamotrigine changes treatment withdrawal compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Lamotrigine add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant generalised tonic‐clonic seizures 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.2 [0.72, 1.99]2 studies · 270 participantsVery low
Add‐on lamotrigine vs placebo
Adverse effects · people with drug‐resistant generalised tonic‐clonic seizures
It is very uncertain whether add‐on lamotrigine changes adverse effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Lamotrigine add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant generalised tonic‐clonic seizures 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.91 [0.29, 2.86]2 studies · 270 participantsVery low
Summary of findings: β‐carotene vs placebo
Number of days on antibiotics for acute exacerbations · adults and children with cystic fibrosis
Summary of findings: β‐carotene showed no clear difference in pulmonary exacerbations Days of antibiotic use compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Antibiotic adjuvant therapy for pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted1 study · 24 participantsLow
Summary of findings: garlic supplementation vs placebo
Adverse events mild adverse events · children aged over eight and adults with cystic fibrosis and chronic pulmonary infection with P aeruginosa
1 finding from 1 review
- Antibiotic adjuvant therapy for pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted1 study · 26 participantsModerate